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8.Jijau Rathayatra 2005

9.Aarakshan Vadhava,Desh Ghadva

Rajmata Jijau

Jagatguru Tukobarai

Chatrapati Shivarai

Swatantryvir Sambhaji

Rashtrpita Jotiba

Rajarshi Shahuji

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Krishiratna Punjabrao

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Shivshri Puroshottamji Khedekar

_amRçm¨Zmhr AmajU nm[hOoM

Amo.~r.gr. AmajU : ^y[_H m Cnm`

AmajU hoM _amRçm¨Mo g¨ajU

_amRçm¨Zmhr AmajU nm[hOoM

‘RESERVATION’ AmajU hm gm_m[OH n[adV©ZmMm n[adV©ZmMm A[d^mÁ` KQH Amho. gm_m[OH OrdZ åhUOo Hodi OmVr-O_mVr-Y_©-J[a~r-An¨JËd EdTmM _`m©[XV AW© Zmhr. gm_m[OH AkmZ Xwa HéZ g_mO gkmZr HaÊ`mgmRr ho EH eñÌ Amho. kmZ ho Hodi nwñVHr [ejU Zìho. [d[dY joÌm_Ü`o gj_ - Hm`©j_ ì`dñWm [Z_m©U hmoDZ Vr [XK©Hmi [QHdÊ`mgmRr OJ^amV Á`m AZoH `moOZm¨Mm Cn`moJ Hobm OmVmo, Ë`mV "AmajU' `moOZm gJirHSo An[ahm`© Pmbobr Amho. Ago AgVmZmhr "AmajU' hm eãX ZmMdbm, ZmJdbm d Zmgdbm. Ë`mgmRr Jmo~oëg gwÕm [\Hm nSob EdTr H«wa d ñ\moQH gmYZo dmnabrV. n[aUm_r AmajUmMo gw¨Xa én g_moa `oÊ`mEdOr AË`¨V [~^Ëg Hobo Amho Hr, AmajUmMo bm^YmaH , AmajUmMo nmÌbmoH , AmajUmMo g_W©H dm AmajUmMo ghmZw^wVrXmahr [ìXYm _Z[ñWVrV AmhoV. AË`¨V KmVH g¨gJ©OÝ` amoJmMr [^Vr Sm°ŠQa ZmVodmB©Hm¨À`m _ZmV KmbVmV. Ë`m_wio OdiMo ZmVodmB©Hhr _aUmÀ`m [^Vr_wio Aem amoJJ«ñV amo½`mnmgwZ Xwa amhVmV. Ë`mM àHmao ‘RESERVATION’ AmajU hçm eãXmMo Pmbobo Amho. Ë`m_wio AmajU g_OyZ KoUo Amdí`H Amho. Ë`mgmRr hm EH à`ËZ.

AmajU åhUOo g¨ajU. g¨ajU ho Zoh_rM XrZ-Xw~içm, Jar~, nrSrV, X[bV, emo[fV, d¨[MV AemM dJm©gmRr AgVo hm Amnbm J¡ag_O Amho. AmajU ho Ogo Aeºm¨Zm geº HaÊ`mgmRr AgVo, VgoM geºm¨Zm Aeº Z hmoD XoÊ`mgmRrhr AgVo. OJ^amV AmajUmMm gd©àW_ d gdm©V OmñV dmna hm geº dJm©gmRrM Pmbobm Amho. geº dJm©g gj_ VgoM Hm`©j_ ~Z[dÊ`mgmRr àË`oH emgZì`dñWm Aem dJm©gmRr Á`m [d[dY `moOZm am~dVo Vo gmao AmajU hçmM gXamV _moSVo. Aem gj_ dJm©M l_, ~wÕr, doi, Hm¡eë` d n¡gm gËHmaUr bmJmdo, Ë`mnmgyZ Cn`wº [Z_uVr ìhmdr, `m [Z_uVrVyZ gm_m[OH OrdZmV g_¥Õr, gwa[jVVm d em¨VVm [Z_m©U ìhmdr, `m CXmËV hoVyZo Aem gj_ ì`ºtZm Zm dJm©bm emgZì`dñWoZo [dfoe g¨ajU XoUo åhUOo AmajU hmo`. [deof g¨ajU åhUOo gm_mÝ` [Z`_ dm Hm`Xo SmdbyZ dm ~XbyZ OmUrdnwd©H Ë`mM g_whmgmRr EImXr emgZì`dñWm Hm`Xoera[aË`m ñWmnZ HaUo. [dÚmÏ`m©¨À`m joÌmVrb CXmhaU Úm`Mo Pmë`mg IoimSw¨Zm àdoe gdbV- - - J¡ahOa amhÊ`mMr gdbV- - - ZmoHarV àmYmÝ` BË`mXr. WmoSŠ`mV AmajUm_wio HwUmhr ì`ºr dm g_whmMo Hm`Xoera _mZdr h¸ Smdbbo OmV ZmhrV. Ý`yZJ¨S, Ah¨J¨S OmiyZ g_Vm ñWm[nV HaÊ`mHSo AmajUmMm Hb AgVmo.

_moJb-SM-\«o¨M-nmoVw©JrO-[~«Qre hçm gd© HmimV ^maVmVrb lr_¨V dJm©bm, ì`mnmè`m¨Zm, Y_©n¨SrVm¨Zm, naXoer ZmJ[aHm¨Zm gd©gm_mÝ` OZVonojm AZoH àHmaÀ`m gdbVr dm g¨ajU hmoVo. hçm gd© gËVm naHr` gËVm hmoË`m. Ë`m¨Mo Y_© Bñbm_ d [I«íMZ AgyZ g_mOmMr [d^mJUr (dJm©V) CLASS _Ü`o hmoVo. Ë`m¨À`mV OmVr -nmoQOmVr (CASTE SUBCASTE) Ago àHma ZmhrV. daMm dJ©, _Ü`_ dJ©, ImbMm dJ© BË`mXr. ^maVmV gd©M g_mOmV- [deofV: qhXw-d¡[XH Y_© na¨naoV OmV-nmoQOmV d dJ© CASTE WITH CLASS Aer OmoS Amho. ^maVr` d¡XrH Y_m©V ~«m÷U, j[Ì`, d¡í` d eyX« ho Mma à_wI dU© AmhoV. hçm dJm©V `oUmao gd© bmoH åhUOo "gdU©' hçm MmVwdUm©~mhoaMo bmoH åhUOo A[VeyX«, A¨Ë`O, Mm¨Smi d gd©M [ñÌ`m. ^maVr` Y_©ì`dñWoVZwgma àM¨S _moRm g_mO hm AdU© åhUOo A[VeyX« Amho. Y_©Hm`ÚmZo ~«m÷U gd©loð. Ë`m_wioM ^maVmVrb gd©M joÌmV gwédmVrnmgwZ "~«m÷Um¨MoM àm~ë`' Amho. n[aUm_r "dU©loðmgmo~VM dJ©loðËdmV' ~«m÷U AJ«oga am[hbo. j[Ì` d d¡í`dU© ho A~«m÷U dU© Vo ~«m÷UmMoM H[Zð dU©A¨J AmhoV. Ë`m_wio ~«m÷UmZ¨Va hçm XmoZ dUm©Vrb bmoHm¨HSo bj XoUo àË`oH amOgËVoV ^mJ hmoVo. gËVm, g¨nËVr d kmZ g¨dY©ZmMm A[YHmaM ZìhVm. Vgm Y_©Hm`Xm hmoVm. `mMmM AW© ~«m÷U, j[Ì` d d¡í` `m à_wI VrZ dUm©¨Mo e¨^aQ¸o Hm`Xoera g¨ajU ^maVmVrb àË`oH emgZì`dñWog Hamdo bmJV Ago. AÝ`Wm Vr amOgËVm CbWwZ QmHÊ`mEdTo ~i hçm [VÝhr dUm©V-~«m÷U dJm©V hmoVo. åhUOoM ~«m÷U dUm©Mo e¨^a Q¸o AmajU ^maVmV Odinmg 26 OmZodmar 1950 n`©¨V ^maVmV hmoVo. AmOhr B.g.2006 _Ü`o amÁ` dm Ho¨X« emgZmHSwZ gd©M ghmæ` KoUmè`m d¡[XH emim_YwZ \º ~«m÷U [dÚmWuM KoVbo OmVmV. e¨^a Q¸o AmajU ~«m÷Um¨gmRr! _Yë`m HmimV j[Ì` d d¡í` dU© bmon nmdbo. gÜ`m ^maVmV XmoZM dU© AmhoV. gd©loð dU©-~«m÷U d Oo ~«m÷U ZmhrV Vo eyX«. Ë`m_wioM àË`oH naHr` gËVoV n¨VàYmZ d _¨Ìr \º ~«m÷U AgV. à_wI hmoÊ`mgmRr "n¨V' AgUo Amdí`H hmoVo. Ë`m_wioM ^maVmVrb Joë`m gmR dfm©¨V àYmZ_¨ÌrnX ~«m÷UmgmRrM Ama[jV Agë`mgmaIo Pmbo. emgZà_wwI Á`m ì`dñWoMm g_W©H AgVmo, VrM ì`dñWm _O~wV hmoV AgVo. Ë`m_wioM Joë`m gmR dfm©V ^maVmV "~«m÷Uemhr' _O~yV Zìho Va H_©R hmoD eHbr, Va "~hwOZemhr' H_Omoa d Xw~©b hmoV Jobr. dU©~mhç A[VeyX« g_mOhr ñdV:bm dUm©Mm g_W©H åhUdyZ KoÊ`mV à[Vðm _mZw bmJbm. n[aUm_r Vmo ZHiVM ñdV:À`mM [hVm[déÕ C^m am[hbm.

[~«Qre HmimV OJmV Am¡ÚmoJrHrHaUmMo dmao dmhw bmJbo hmoVo. `m[edm` [~«QZ ñdV:M àmoQoñQ¨Q [I«íMZ amï— Agë`m_wio CXma_VdmXr d nwamoJm_r hmoVo. amO[H` Jwbm_r hmoVr, Var [d[dY gm_m[OH , Am[W©H, Am¡ÚmoJrH, e¡j[UH joÌmVrb gwYmaUm¨gmRr [~«Qrem¨Zr à`ËZ Hobm. doXHmimnmgwZ [ejUmV e¨^a Q¸o AmajU KoUmam ~«m÷UdJ©M [ejU KoD bmJbm. _hmË_m Á`mo[V~m \wbo¨Zr gd©àW_ hçm AmajUmMm AYm©-nmd Q¸m ^mJ ~hwOZm¨HSo AmUbm. Varhr [ñÌ`m¨Zm [ejUmMr ~¨XrM hmoVr. doXnmRm¨Vam_wio, _¨ÌnmRm¨Vam_wio ~«m÷U g_mOmMm kmZJ«hmda d ñ_aUmda AmnmoAmnM à^md hmoVm. ~hwOZ g_mO hOmamo dfm©¨nmgwZ [ejUd¨[MV Agë`m_wio Ë`mbm hçm n«_m[UV [ejUmV pñWamdUo HRrU Om`Mo, Var Á`mo[V~mgmaIo bmoH Amnbm Rgm C_Qdw eHbo. AYm©Q¸m lr_¨V-O_rZXma-gaXma-gmdHma dJm©Vrb ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb [dÚmÏ`m©¨Zm [ejUmÀ`m g¨Yr [_imë`m, nU gd©M [ejH ~«m÷U Agm`Mo. Vo [ejH HmoUË`mhr g~~rImbr hçm ~hwOZ [dÚmÏ`m©¨Zm [ejU gmoSÊ`mg ^mJ nmSm`Mo. hm lr_¨V ~hwOZ g_mO ñdV:bm j[Ì` dm d¡í` g_Ow bmJbm. Ë`m¨Mr hr g_OwV [QHdwU RodÊ`mgmRr Vo ~«m÷Um¨Mo Jwbm_ Pmbo. ~«m÷Um¨Mr Y_©_mÝ`VmM à[Vðm [_idwZ XoV Ago. Aem [aVrZo gd©loð ~«m÷UdJ© d eyX«- A[VeyX«, lr_¨V-O_rZXma-ì`mnmar `m¨Mr ^maVr` g_mOHmaUmV A^X« `wVr Pmbr. XwX¡¨dmZo Vr AmOhr [QHyZ Amho. _hmË_m Á`mo[V~m \wbo `mbmM ^QOr-eoROr-bmQOr `wVr åhUVmV. ho eoROr d bmQOr ñdV:g gdU© g_OVmV d hm J¡ag_O [QHdyZ RodÊ`mgmRr ~«m÷Umg gd© joÌmV VmHX XoVmV. ^maVr` ~«m÷UemhrMr VmHX hr ~«m÷UdJm©À`m _wR^a ~«m÷UmV ZgwZ hçm ~mQ½`m ~hwOZ-j[Ì`-d¡í`-eyX« eoROr d bmQOrV Amho. eoROr d bmQOr lr_¨V AmhoV, nU AkmZr AmhoV. YZdmZ Amho nU kmZdmZ Zmhr. `m¨À`mM YZmda ~«m÷Uemhr [QHwZ Amho d ~Xë`mV ~«m÷UemhrÀ`m kmZmda `m¨Zr Amnë`m Ym[_©H Jwbm_[JarMr à[Vðm OnwZ Rodbr Amho. Ë`m_wioM ñdV¨Ì ^maVmV _¨[Xao ~m¨YUo, nmam`U HaUo, _¨[Xamg _moRçm XoU½`m XoUo, e¨HamMm`m©À`m nm`m nSUo, Ym[_©H Cndmg- d«Vd¡Hë`o HaUo Aem ~m~r n«[VðoÀ`m g_Oë`m OmVmV. g[MZ Vo¨SwbHaÀ`m ZmJ~ir nwOobm HoaiÀ`m _¨[Xa Xe©Zmbm, `k-hmo_ HaÊ`mbm ^maVmVrb gd©M BboŠQ—mo[ZH _r[S`mO- gd© àgma_mÜ`_o Xhm-Xhm [Xdg A_mn à[gÕr XoVmV. Am_Mm ^¡VmS ~hwOZ g_mO g[MZ Vo¨SwbHaMo \º XodXe©Z _o¨Xyda [~¨~dVmo. nU Ë`mbm g[MZ Vo¨SwbHagmaIo HmoQçmYre ìhmdo dmQV Zmhr. Var BÀNm Agbr Var Ë`mbm [H«HoQMm Mo¨Sy dm ~°Q ¿`m`Mr Pmë`mg Xhm-drg EHa eoVr [dHmdr bmJob!

CËVa noedmB©V gmVmamMo NÌnVr àVmn[g¨h _hmamO `m¨À`mhr [ejUmda noedo `m NÌnVtÀ`mM ZmoHamZo ~¨Xr AmUbr hmoVr. [OWo ñdV: NÌnVtZmM ~¨Xr hmoVr, VoWo Cd©arV OZVo~Ôb doJio gm¨JÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr. åhUOoM ^maVmV [~«[QegËVm ñWm[nV hmoB©n`©¨V "[ejUmMo e¨^a Q¸o' AmajU \º "~«m÷Um¨ZmM' hmoVo. ~«m÷U åhUOo gd©loð. ~«m÷Um¨À`m `m _ºoXmarbm ^JXmS nSV Amho. Ë`m_wioM AmajUmg [damoY Amho. _o¨Xw ~«m÷Um¨Mm. _am`bm ~hwOZ. [~«Qrem¨À`m HmimV hçmM [eHboë`m ~«m÷Um¨Zr [~«Qre gaHmabm gmja ~«m÷Um¨gmRr AZoH ZmoHè`mV AmajU _m[JVbo. Ë`m ZmoHè`m nXamV nmSyZ KoVë`m. Ë`mgmRr Hm±J«ogMr ñWmnZm B.g. 1885 _Ü`o Hobr. [~«Qre Joë`mda e¨^a Q¸o ZmoHa ~«m÷UM.

[~«Qre HmimV ñWm[ZH CÚmoJnVtZm doJdoJiçm CÚmoJmV C^o amhÊ`mgmRr _mo\V O_rZ, ñdñV HÀMm _mb, g~grSr, HagdbV, nŠŠ`m _mbmMr IaoXr h_r, ^mdmMr h_r BË`mXr AZoH gdbVr [Xë`m. ñdV¨Ì ^maVmVhr CÚmoJnVtgmRr amIrd O_rZ, _w~bH d ñdñV drO, _mo\V nmUr, [~Zì`mOr HO©, g~grSr, HagdbV, emgHr` IaoXr Aem AZoH gdbVr [Xë`m. Orn, Hma, ñHwQa, gm`Hb, gm~U, IVo, Zm¨Ja, [ebmB© _erZ, HmnS Aem X¡Z¨[XZ JaOm¨À`m dñVy [Z_m©U HaÊ`mgmRr CÚmoJnVtZm [deof ~mOmamMo g¨ajU XoDZ Ë`m¨Zm e¨^a Q¸o AmajU [Xbo. eoVr _mbmg CËnmXZ IMm©da AmYm[aV ~mOma^md Ho¨X« d amÁ` emgZm¨Zr CÚmoJnVtZm ^a_gmR Z\m XoUmao ^md [Xbo. Amnë`m XoemVrb CÚmoJnVtZm àmoËgmhZ XoÊ`mgmRr ~mhoéZ CËV_ XOm©Mm d ñdñV _mb Am`mV Hamda ~¨Xr AmUbr. ^maVr` CÚmoJnVtZr naXoer JmSçm¨Mr "Hm°nr' Hobr. hçm gd© ImOJr HmaImÝ`m¨Zm bmJUmao [d[dY ñVamdarb Hm_Jma-HmamJra ~hwOZ g_mOmVwZ KoVbo. Ë`m¨Zm Aën doVZ [Xbo. Ë`mdoir darð nXmdarb nXmgmRr ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb B¨[O[ZAg©, _°ZO_o¨Q nXdrYa, Hm`Xoera gëbmJma Aem bmoHm¨Zm "JwUdËVm' AgyZhr Smdbbo. _°ZoOagma»`m à_wI nXmda \ŠV ~«m÷U A[YHmarM Zo_bo. Ë`m¨Zr nwTo HmoUVrhr ^aVr HaVmZm Hodi ~«m÷Um¨MmM ^aUm Hobm. CÚmoJnVtZm Ë`m¨Mo n¡go [_iV hmoVo. CÚmoJnVr ~«m÷U dm ~hwOZ Agbo Var Ë`m¨Zr [dVaH Zo_Vm¨Zm AndmX dJiVm OmVrVbo dm ZmË`mVboM Zo_bo. ~hwOZ g_mOmbm Amnë`mda AÝ`m` hmoVmo` ho g_OÊ`mEdTo kmZ ZìhVo. amOHr` ZoVo CÚmoJnVtÀ`m _mohOmbmV ASHwZ nSbo. [edm` J«m_rU ^mJmV ñdV¨Ì ^maVmÀ`m [d[dY `moOZm [Z_m©U hmoV hmoË`m. [Oëhm n[afXm, ghHmar gmIa HmaImZo, ghHmar gyV [JaÊ`m, Zì`m emim, Zdr _hm[dÚmb`o, ZmJar ~±Hm, ñWm[ZH bKwCÚmoJnVr C^o amhV hmoVo. n[aUm_r CÀm Vm¨[ÌH -_o[SHb-_°ZoO_o¨Q-Am`. Qr. n`©¨VÀ`m [ejUmMr JaO nSV ZìhVr. gwédmVrÀ`m Mmirg dfm©¨V åhUOo gw_mao 1985-90 n`©¨V [eHboë`m ~hwVoHm¨Zm ËdarV JmdmOdi ZmoHè`m CnbãY hmoV Joë`m. Ë`m_wio [ejU d ZmoHè`m¨_Yrb AmajUm~m~V AmJ«hr ^w[_Hm hmoVr nU AmH«_HVm ZìhVr. _mJmgdUu`, _mJmg OmVr, Amo.~r.gr. hçm Ama[jV OmJm¨gmRr "C_oXdma CnbãY Zmhr' Agm eoam _méZ VoWo "BVa d eŠ`Vmoda ~«m÷U' bmoH ^abo hmoVo. _¨Ìmb`mnmgwZ Vo Jmd nmVirn`©¨ [d[dY emgHr` [d^mJmV ZmoHè`m CnbãY hmoV Joë`m. Ë`m_wio ImOJr joÌm~m~V ~hwOZ g_mO AZ[^k hmoVm. `m[edm` ImOJr CÚmoJ, ImOJr HmaImZo, ~±Hm Ago AZoH ZmoHarÀ`m g¨Yr CnbãY AgUmao à_wI CÚmoJ gwédmVrg _moRçm eham¨À`m AmgnmgM Agm`Mo. Aem HmaImÝ`mV ZmoHar [_iÊ`mgmRr _moRm "d[ebmM' nm[hOo Aer ~hwOZ YmaUm hmoVr d Vr AmO[h [QHwZ Amho. `mMo gm_m[OH HmaU emoYbo nm[hOo. JwUdËVm AgyZ ZHma Hm? (_hm[dÚmb`rZ) ON CAMPUS _wbmIVr_Ü`o ~«m÷U, _madmSr, nmagr, Hm`ñW, JwOamWr AemM _wbm¨Mr [ZdS ìhm`Mr dm hmoVo. Iwë`m ñnYo©VyZ- MERIT da àdoe KoVboë`m _amRm `wdHm¨Zm ImOJr joÌmV ghOmghOr ZmoHar [_imbrM Zmhr. ~hwOZ g_mOmMr O_rZ, ~hwOZ J«mhH, ~hwOZm¨Mo n¡go Ago AgVmZmhr AndmX dJiVm ImOJr joÌmV Ë`m¨Zm gm_mdbo Zmhr.

HmimÀ`m AmoKmV g_mOmV OmJ¥Vr Pmbr. [ejUmMm àgma Pmbm. [eHboë`m HwQw¨~mVrb AWm©O©Zm_wio Ë`m¨Mo AZoH àíZ gwQbo. _amRm g_mOmV Agboë`m eoVrlðVoÀ`m H_©R ~wagr HënZm ~mOybm \oHë`m Joë`m. gdmo©ËV_ ZmoHar hm ì`dhma SmoiçmZo [Xgy bmJbm. CÀM [ejUmÀ`m gw[dYm dmTë`m. Á`m _amRm g_mOmg [ejU KoÊ`mda nÞmg dfm©¨nwdu ~¨Xr hmoVr, VmoM _amRm g_mO AÚ`mdV d nmpíM_mË` bmoHm¨Zmhr bmOdob Aem e¡j[UH g¨ñWm HmTyZ OJmbm kmZr HaÊ`mÀ`m ì`dgm`mV CVabm. [ejUg¨ñWm _amRm-~hwOZm¨Zr HmTë`m, ghHmar g¨ñWm ~hwOZm¨Zr HmTë`m, nU _amRm-~hwOZ _mbHm¨Zrhr à_wI A[YHmanXo ~«m÷Um¨À`mM nmaSçmV QmHbr. Amnë`m bmoHm¨_Ü`o Z_«Vm ZgVo, hçm g~~rImbr Ë`m¨Mo MERIT ZmHmabo. hwOao[J[a d M_Mo[J[a-~Zdo[J[a hr ImJOr joÌmVrb _o[aQgmRr JwUdËVoMr EH_od _moOnÅr Rabr. ~hwOZ g_mOmMo g¨ñWmMmbH _w±h_o [ed-\wbo-emhw-^r_ åhUV ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb `wdHm¨À`mM _w¨SŠ`mda gwè`m [\adV AmhoV. ImOJr [ejU g¨ñWm¨Zm nadmZJr XoVmZm VËHmbrZ _w»`_¨Ìr dg¨VXmXm nmQrb `m¨Mr Ë`m-Ë`m ^mJmVrb eoVHè`m¨À`m _wbm¨Mo h¸ Cƒ [ejU CnbãY hmoB©b hr ^mdZm hmoVr. nwTo Hm`Xo_¨Ìr ~ZdV Jobo. 12 dr Vrb _mHm©déZ PMT Ambr, PET, Ambr, MmiÊ`m dmTV Joë`m. [dÚmnrR ~Xbbo. Aem [aVrZo h¸mMo [ejU [_iÊ`mgmRr gwé HaÊ`mV Amboë`m ImOJr [ejU g¨ñWm RamdrH dJm©MrM _ºoXmar hmoB©b Aer Hm`Xo ì`dñWm V`ma HaÊ`mV. ~«m÷U g_mOmVrb [dÚmÏ`m©¨Zm e¨^a Q¸o AmajU [_iob Aer VaVyX OmUrdnyd©H HaÊ`mV Ambr. "Am_MoM Hm°boO d Am_MoM [ejU' hm Zmam bmdyZ _amRçm¨Zr añË`mda CVéZ Hm`Xo^¨J Hobm Zmhr. Amo.~r.gr. d OPEN hçm XmoÝhr àHmamV _moRm g_mO _moSVmo. Vmo g¨KQrV Zmhr. Ë`mVë`m Ë`mV OPEN _Ü`o ~«m÷U, _amRm, _madmSr, O¡Z, JwOamWr, _wgb_mZ EdTm g_mO _moSV AgwZhr "_amRmM' AmajU [damoYmV C^m Hobm OmVmo. ~«m÷Ug_mO Omhra g^m Hm KoV Zmhr? _amRm g_mOmVrb `wdHm¨Mm J¡admna hmoV Amho. Ë`mMo ^md[ZH emofU Hobo OmV Amho. Ë`mbm Ë`mMo h¸, A[YHma [_imboM nm[hOoV, `mgmRr gmVË`mZo ^y[_Hm KoDZ Ü`o` åhUyZ Hm`©aV Aem à^mdr Midir ZmhrV. _amRm `wdH h¸mgmRr añË`mda CVam`bm V`ma Zmhr. _am`Mr JaO ZgVo nU Ë`m V`marZo Ominmoi Z HaVm bTçmgmRr `oV Zmhr. n[adV©ZdmXr _amRm MidirnmgwZ Vmo Xwa amhVmo. hçm MidirV \º ~«m÷Um¨Mm ìXofM Hobm OmVmo, ho Am_À`m _Zmda [~¨~dbo Jobo Amho. ~«m÷U ~wÕr_ËVoÀ`m, HnQmÀ`m, OmVrÀ`m, JwUdËVoÀ`m Hm_mÀ`m Omoamda AmO gd©joÌmV ~«m÷Uemhr [QHdyZ Amho, Agm Ë`mMm àM¨S àm_m[UH ^m~Sm g_O Amho. hr Ë`mMr _mZ[gHVm XJSmdaÀ`m aoKoEdTr n¸r Amho. Ë`mbm gË` _m[hVr d Ë`mVrb ham_Imoar gm¨[JVë`mg Vmo Ë`mbm ~«m÷UìxXof g_OVmo d MidirV gm[_b Z hmoVm ~«m÷UemhrÀ`mM ajUmgmRr C^m amhVmo. . . Am[U _mJmgdUu`-Am[Xdmgr-X[bV g_mOmMm ìXofM Zmhr Va [VañHma HaV AgVmo. Ë`mVyZM AmOMo AmajU [damoYmVrb dmVmdaU Vmn[dÊ`mV à[gÕr _mÜ`_o `eñdr hmoV AmhoV.

AmVm AmnU AmajUm~m~V ~mobw,

1) nmUr AmajU : eoVHè`m¨À`m eoVrgmRr J«m_rU ^mJmVrb ~hwOZ eoVHè`m¨À`m O_rZr KoDZ, Ë`m¨Mr Jmdo ~wSdyZ YaUo ~m¨YbrV. _hmamï—mVrb 95 Q¸o YaUmVrb nmUr eoVrgmRr Z XoVm ehamVrb bmoHm¨gmRr d HmaImZXmè`m¨gmRr Ama[jVM Hobobo Amho. eoVHè`m¨Mo h¸ Smdbbo. [damoY Zmhr. CXm: qhOdSr, eo¨X«m, ZmJnya, ~wQr ~moar.

2) Am¡Úmo[JH dgmhV : eoVHè`m¨À`m eoVO_rZr O~aXñVrZo g¨nmXZ HéZ VoWo Am¡Úm[JH dgmVr Cä`m Hoë`mV. Ë`m nyU©nUo Ama[jVM AmhoV. eoVHar AmË_hË`m HarV AmhoV. [damoY Zmhr.

3) drO AmajU: gmam _hmamï— [dOoÀ`m VwSdQçm_wio ÌñV Pmbobm AgVmZm AZoH ehao dm CÚmoJmgmRr ñdñW XamZo drOnwadRm Hobm OmVmo. Ë`mgmRr 90 Q¸o _hmamï—mV A¨Yma AgVmo. hm [deof nwadRm åhUO AmajU. [damoY Zmhr.

4) DgmMo AmajU : gmIa HmaImÝ`m¨À`m AmngmVë`m ñnYo©_wio Dg nidbm OmD Z`o åhUwZ Dg CËnmXHm¨Zm [d[eï HmaImZm joÌmVM Dg [dHÊ`mMo ~¨YZ dm JwimMo Jwèhmi Z HaÊ`mMo ~¨YZ. eoVHè`m¨da hr ~¨YZo åhUOo AmajUM Amho. [damoY Zmhr. Dg, Hmnwg, YmÝ` ^md H_r [Xbo OmVmV.

5) _¨[XamVrb nwOmar, nwamo[hV, ~Sdo: gd©M _¨[Xam_Ü`o nwOmar, ~Sdo, nwamo[hV ~«m÷UM AgVmV. VoWo àM¨S CËnÞ AgVo. OWo n¡gm O_V Zmhr VoWo Jwad, _amRo, _mir, HwU~r nwOmar AgVmV. n¨TanwamV ~«m÷U, ~Sdo d CËnmVM. ho AmajUM Amho. [damoY Zmhr. gd©M e¨HamMm`© \ŠV ~«m÷UM.

6) Am`mV [Z~©¨Y: naXoemV V`ma hmoUmè`m CƒXOm©À`m d AË`¨V ñdñV-[QHmD dñVw Am`mV Ham`bm ~¨Xr Amho. HmaU ^maVr` CËnmXZm¨Zm HmoUrM KoUma Zmhr. CÚmoJY¨Xo ~¨X nSVrb. ho CÚmoJm¨Mo AmajU Amho. VoM [Z`m©Vr ~Ôb.

7) eha [dHmg AmamISo: ehamVrb [dHmg AmamISo V`ma HaVmZm ~JrMo, emim, J«rZ ~oëQ Ago gm_m[OH gmd©O[ZH Cn`moJmMo AmajU ZgVo.

8) aoëdo [d_mZ AmajU: n¡go AgyZhr doioda Amnë`mbm OmJm [_iV Zmhr. AWdm am¨JoV C^o AgyZhr nwTÀ`mMm Z¨~a bmJVmo. Á`mbm AJmoXa g¨Yr [_imbr Vmo Ë`mMm \m`Xm KoVmo. åhUOoM g¨Yr _hËdmMr. Ë`mbm à`ËZm¨Mr OmoS.

9) Z°eZb nmH© AmajU: eoHSmo dfm©¨nmgwZ KZXmQ O¨JbmV Am[Xdmgr amhVmV. njmgmRr, dmKmgmRr, amIrd O¨JbmgmRr Ë`m¨Mo h¸ hQdV Amho. ho gwÕm AmajUM Amho.

10) _hrbm AmajU, Aëng¨»`m¨H AmajU, ^m[fH Aëng¨»`mH AmajU BË`mXr.

AemàHmao Hmhr Mm¨Jbo gmÜ` HaÊ`mgmRr Hmhr _`m©XrV ì`ŠVtÀ`m, g_whmÀ`m, g_mOmÀ`m h¸mda ~¨YZo AmUmdrM bmJVmV. Ë`mbmM AmnU AmajU åhUVmo. \º AmajUmÀ`m bm^YmaHm~m~V g_mOmV _V^oX AgVmV.

_amRm-HwU~r EHM:

_hmamï—mVrb _amRm g_mO Vgm _wiMm HwU~r g_mO. OJX²Jwé VwHmam_ _hmamOm¨Zr ñdV:Mm CëboI HwU~r Hobobm Amho. NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamO, NÌnVr emhw _hmamO, lr_¨V g`mOramd Jm`HdmS _hmamO ho _amRm AgyZ BWë`m Y_©ì`dñWoV Ë`m¨Zm eyX« dUm©MoM Radbo Amho. åhUOoM HwU~r dm VËg_. OJmVrb gd©M _amRm g_mO-HwU~r g_mO hm doJdoJiçm nmoQOmVtV [d^mJbm Amho. _wiMm lr_¨V, eoVHar, O_rZXma, Ohm[JaXma AgUmam hm _moRm _amRm g_mO gw_mao 97 Q¸o _amRm g_mO X[bVmnojm-_hmamnojm dmB©Q OrdZ OJV Amho. Aën^yYmaH, eoV_Oya, AmobrVmÀ`m eoVrMm _mbH Ago HmoUVohr bhmZ-_moRo _amRm eoVHar Xm[aX«ç aofoImbMo Am`wî` THbV AmhoV. amoOJma h_rÀ`m Hm_mda Xoe_wI-nmQrb `m¨À`m ~m`Hm Zmd ~XbwZ Hm_o HaV AmhoV. [dX^m©Vrb 1300 AmË_hË`m Hoboë`m eoVHè`m¨n¡Hr 1248 eoVHar _amRm HwU~r AmhoV. Ë`m¨À`m _wbm¨Zm JmdmVrb n¨Mm`V g[_Vr-[Oëhmn[afXoÀ`m emioVhr OmUo O_V Zmhr. [eHyZ ZmoHar [_iV Zmhr åhUwZ _amRm g_mOmVrb J«m_rU ^mJmVrb eoVHar eoV_Owam¨Mr _wb¨ [ejU KoV ZmhrV. CÚmoJ-ì`dgm`-ZmoHar-eoVr Zmhr. ~oamoOJmar dmTV Amho. Ë`m_wio Aem _wbm¨Zm HwUr _wbr XoV ZmhrV. Hgohr b¾ Pmë`mg df©^amV nmiUm hmbVmo. Hwnmo[fV AmB© Hwnmo[fV ~mbHmg OÝ_mbm KmbVo. ~mi _aVo. A¨YlÕm dmTVmV. gwZoMm Ni gwé hmoVmo. IwZmIwZr gwé hmoVo. HmoQ©HMoè`m Am[U \mer. àm. gXmZ¨X Xoe_wI `m¨Mr "~mamo_mg' ZmdmMr HmX¨~ar _hmamï— emgZmZo dmMmdr. Hodi nwañHma [_imdm `mgmRr `m HwUã`mÀ`m nmoamZ¨ _amRmM Zìho Va gd©M eoVHè`m¨Mr AdñWm "~mamo_mg_Ü`o' _m¨Sbobr Zmhr. _hmamï— emgZmZo AZmdí`H Am`moJ Zo_wZ _amRm-HwU~r EH Hr doJio `mda n¡gm d doi dm`m Z KmbdVm àm. gXmZ¨X Xoe_wI `m¨Mr "~mamo_mg' Ahdmb åhUwZ pñdHmamdr. _amRm g_mOmg gagHQ Amo.~r.gr. Kmo[fV HéZ Ë`m¨Zm AmajU bmJy Hamdo. `mgmRr ^m¨Sdb bmJob.

^maVmV gdm©V OmñV AmajU Vm[_iZmSw amÁ`mV gw_mao 70 Q¸o Amho. _hmamï— ho nwamoJm_r amÁ` Amho. Ë`m_wio _amRm g_mOmg gagHQ AmajU XoDZ gÜ`mMr 50 Q¸o AmajUmMr _`m©Mr 80 Q¸o Hamdr. eoVHar ~ZyZ `m Xoembm AÞ nwa[dUmam Iam nmoqeXm AmË_hË`m HaV Amho. _mdio ~ZwZ hçmM _amRm-~hwOZ eoVHè`m¨À`m nyd©Om¨Zr [edam`m¨gmo~V ñdamÁ` [Z_m©U Hobo. Ë`m ñdamÁ`mda Ë`m¨Zm h¸ am[hbobm Zmhr. ghHmar HmaImZo, ghHmar ~±Hm, ZmJar ~±Hm, gwV {JaÊ`m, XyY SoAar, [ejUg¨ñWm Aem hOmamo g¨ñWm Cä`m HéZ _amRçm¨Zr bmImo ZmoHè`m¨Mr [Z[_©Vr HéZ [Xbr. nU VoWohr _amRm g_mOmg h¸mÀ`m ZmoHè`m ZmhrV. HwU~r d _amRm g_mO EHM AgVmZm d _¨Sb Am`moJmMo gmaoM [ZHf _amRm g_mOmg bmJV AgVmZm "_amRm gm_m[OH X¥ïçm nwTmabobm' Agë`mMo _mZbo OmVo. _amRm g_mOm~m~V Agboë`m `m nyd©J«hXw[fV ^mdZoVyZ _amRm g_mOmMo Ý`m[`H d KQZmXËV A[YHma Smdbbo OmV Agë`mMr _amRm g_mOmMr ^mdZm amñV Amho. AmO hm AÝ`m`J«ñV _amRm g_mO X~bobm AgyZ d¡\ë`J«ñV Amho. Ë`mMr MyH ZgVmZmhr Ë`mbm _mZdr h¸ [_iV Zgë`mMo Ë`mMo _V Pmbobo Amho. Amnbo Xw:I _moOUmao _mn ImoQo Amho AWdm Amnë`mbm _wÔm_ Smdbë`m OmV Agë`mMr Ë`mMr I¨V Amho. ~mn [^H _mJy XoV Zmhr d AmB© OD KmbV Zmhr Agm hm d¡\ë`J«ñV _amRm VéU noQë`mg [dPUma Zmhr.

AmajU åhUOo à[V[ZYrËd. [df_Vm Xya HéZ g_Vm ñWm[nV HaÊ`mMo gmYZ. gm_m[OH [df_Vm J[UVr [gÕm¨VmZo dm VbdmarZo NmQyZ Xya hmoV ZgVo. Ë`mgmRr g_mZ g¨Yr d gm_m[OH à~moYZ Amdí`H Amho. _amRm g_mOmÀ`m gmè`mM g¨Yr CX²ÜdñV Pmë`m AmhoV. AkmZmbm Ah¨HmamMr OmoS [_imë`m_wio _amRm gVV [dHmamnmgwZ Xya-Xya OmV Amho. [gbtJ_wio ^y_rhrZ Pmbm Amho. _amRm g_mO gm_m[OH d gm¨ñH¥VrHX¥ïçm HwU~r-_mir-YZJa-Vobr-qenr-Ýhmdr-gmoZma Aem Amo.~r.gr. g_mOmMm KQH AgwZ Ë`m¨À`mM OdiMm Amho. Ago AgVmZmhr Ë`mbm O.B.C. EodOr OPEN åhQbo. Ë`m_wio _amRm g_mOmg ~«m÷U, Hm`ñW, nmaer, O¡Z, [eI, _wgb_mZ, qgYr, n¨Om~r, JwOamWr, _madmSr hçm g¨nÞ àñWm[nV dJm©gmo~V ñnYo©V QmHbo. ~«m÷U HnQ[ZVrZo dm Ë`mÀ`m ~«m÷Ur Hm¡eë`mZo gmao nXamV nmSwZ KoVmo. BVam¨Zm Y_©,OmV, ^mfm `m HmaUmñVd KQZoÀ`m Hb_ 30 Zwgma AmajU AmhoM. åhUOoM ~odmaer g_mO \º "_amRm' bm¨S½`mÀ`m HinmV ~moHS. Ë`m_wio hçm HinmVwZ gwQHm HéZ KoDZ Amnë`mM aº_mgmÀ`m HinmV O.B.C. OmUo hoM ì`dhm`© Amho. hr g¨Yr Amho. à`ËZmZo AmnU OJ qOHw. gd©gj_ hmody. AmajU AmnmoAmn e¨^a dfm©V JiwZ nSob.

gmam¨e:

^maV^a AmajU [damoYmV d g_W©Hm¨V dmX hmoV AgVmZm, _wÔm_ AmajUmÀ`m AZoH joÌm¨Mm AmTmdm KoVbm. amOfu emhy _hmamOm¨Zr ~«m÷U, nmaer, Hm`ñW, eoUdr `m¨Zm dJiwZ BVa gd© OmVr-O_mVtZm AmajU [Xbo hmoVo. AmO `mM gyÌmMm Agb¨~ HéZ JaOoZwgma WmoSm\ma ì`mdhm[aH ~Xb HéZ Xoe^a AmajU bmJy Hamdo. Equality d JwUdËVm VgoM XoemMo [d^mOZ ho ^md[ZH d {Xem^wb HaUmao _wÔo AmhoV. _amRm d ~«m÷U, Hm`ñW, O¡Z, _madmSr, JwOamWr `m¨Mr ~amo~ar hmoDM eHV Zmhr. ZwHVmM CBSC- 12 dr Mm [ZHmb bmJbm. Ë`m n[ajoV 80 Q¸o _mH©g² [_idUmè`m _wbmbm CnbãY AgUmè`m gw[dYm dmMUohr AdKS Amho. CXm: PALM TOP, LAP TOP, Recorder dJ¡ao Ë`mMdoir ghçmX«rÀ`m _mdi Imoè`mVrb AmQm[nQm HaUmè`m nmoam¨Zm 70 Q¸o _mH©g² [_iUo åhUOo Vmo n[hbm _o[aQ AgVmo. Ë`m_wioM dg¨VXmXmÀ`m HmimV _hmamï— emgZmZo J«m_rU ^mJmVrb eoVHè`m¨À`m _wbm¨Zm 15 Q¸o [deof JwU dmTdyZ XoÊ`mMm [ZU©` KoVbm hmoVm. Vmo Ý`m`mb`mZo aÔ Ra[dbm. _hmamï— emgZmZo bmoHg^oÀ`m YVuda Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mMm hm [ZHmb aÔ HéZ Vgm gm_m[OH Ý`m`mÀ`m CÔrïmgmRr [dYmZg^oV Hm`Xm _¨Owa Hamdm. Am_Xmam¨Zr Vgm Aä`mg Hamdm. A_o[aHoV Vgm Hm`X Amho.

emioVrb _mJmgdUu`m¨À`m _wbm¨Zm emgZmV\o© _mo\V nwñVHm¨Mo dmQn Hobo OmVo. `m_wio _amRm g_mOmVrb _wbm¨À`m _ZmV ~mbd`mVM OmVr ìXof [Z_m©U hmoVmo Aer _m¨SUr Am_Mo g_mO ~m¨Yd HaVmV. Ia¨ åhUOo `m d`mV Xmof [Z_m©U hmoV ZgVmo. [M[HËgm [Z_m©U hmoVo. AmnU _amRm AmhmoV Ë`m_wio Amnë`mbm gmo` CnbãY Zmhr, Aer ^mdZm [Z_m©U hmoUo eŠ` AgVo. Aemdoir gyk nmbHm¨Zr _wbm¨Zm Ë`mVrb gm_m[OH ^mdZm g_OmdyZ gm¨Jmdr. `m~m~V _amRm godm g¨Kmgh AZoH gm_m[OH g¨ñWm¨Zr J«m_rU dm ehar ^mJmV [Oëhm n[afX, ZJanm[bHm, _hmZJanm[bHm emioV [eHUmè`m gd©M [dÚmÏ`m©¨Zm Aem gdbVr Úmì`mV Aer _mJUr Hobobr Amho. Ë`mgmRr AmJ«h YaVm `oB©b. Xwgao Hr _amRm _wbm¨Zm AmOhr AZoH [RHmUr ~«m÷U g_mOmÀ`m ~amo~arMo g_Obo OmV Zmhr. AZoH _¨[XamV _amRm g_mOmg Jm^mè`mV àdoe Zmhr. ZìdX dfo© d`mÀ`m _amRm ì`ŠVrg drg dfo© d`mÀ`m ~«m÷UmÀ`m nm`m nSmdo bmJVo. ~«m÷U àgmX dmQVmZm _amRçmg Añn¥í` g_OVmV. hçm _amRm g_mOmg [MS Hm `oV Zmhr? n¨TanwaÀ`m [dÇb _¨[XamV ~Sdo Hgo dmJVmV Vo AmRdm. ñdV:bm OJmMm ~mn g_OUmam _amRm hbHQ-HiHQ-_iHQ-[QZnmQ ~m_UmÀ`m nm`mda Om[hanUo _mWm QoHdVmo. BWo _amRm ~mbH , `wdH, g_mO Hgo ghZ HaVmo? Aem doir A[e[jV, [e[jV, Jar~, lr_¨V _amRm _wbm¨Mr g_OwV HmTwZ ~m_U Xod~mßnm Agë`mMo Ë`m¨À`m _Zmda [~¨~dVmV. åhUOoM daÀ`mbm _mWm d ImbÀ`mbm bmWm, Ago dmJUo ~¨X Hamdo. Amåhr AÝ`m` Hé Z`o VgoM AÝ`m` ghZhr Hé Z`o. "_mbH _obm Var Mmbob, nU gdV a¨SHr Pmbr nm[hOo' hr ^y[_Hm KmVH Amho. AmajUmbm [damoY Z HaVm AmajUmMm bm^ KoUo d Ë`mgmRr `eñdr Midi am~dUo hoM Am_À`m [hVmMo Amho.

_amRm Am[W©HX¥ïçm _mJmgbobm AmhoV `mMr HmaUo BWë`m Y_©ì`dñWoV AmhoV. OmVdma AmajU ZHmo Agë`mg àW_ OmVr Zï Hamì`mV bmJVrb. åhUOoM MmVwd©U© ~¨X. Y_m©V g_Vm. 26 OmZodmar 1950 n`©¨V ^maVmVrb 97 Q¸o ~hwOZm¨Zm YZg¨M` ~¨Xr hmoVr. [edm` Z¨Va gw_mao 1975 n`©¨V Ë`m¨Zm ñdV¨Ì ^maVmVrb ~«m÷U emgZ - àemgZ ì`dñWoZo bwQbo. AmVm HwRo Ë`m¨Zm A[YHma h¸ g_OV AmhoV. dU©dmar JmSyZ dJ©dmar ñWm[nV Hamdr bmJob.Á`m Y_©ì`dñWoZo Am_Mo gd©ñd [hamdbo, Vr Y_©ì`dñWm JmSmdr bmJob. Y_©_mV©¨S hOmamo HmoQtMo _mbH d Y_©~m¨Yd [^Imar. `mgmRr qhXw-d¡[XH-~«m÷Ur Y_m©Vrb [df_Vm åhUOoM OmVrdmX. Vmo [_Qdë`m[edm` Am[W©HX¥ïçm _mJmgbonU dJ©dmar bmJw hmoD eHV Zmhr. OJ^a hoM VËd dmnabo Jobo dm dmnamV Amho. _amRm g_mOmZo ^md[ZH Z hmoVm ì`mdhm[aH ìhmdo.

_hmamï—mbm OJmV H«_m¨H EHda ZoÊ`mgmRr _hmamï—mMm HUm Omo _amRm g_mO Amho Vmo H«_m¨H EHda AmUUo Amdí`H Amho. Ë`mgmRr gÜ`mÀ`m AmajUmMm \m`Xm _amRm g_mOmbm [_iUo AË`¨V Amdí`H Amho. VgoM Hodi [ejUmV AmajU Zgmdo. [ejU KoVë`mZ¨Va amooOJma [_iÊ`mgmRr bmImo OmJm [Z_m©U HaUo Amdí`H Amho. amoOJmamÀ`m g¨Yr dmTë`m VaM AmajUmMm dmX H_r hmoB©b d Ë`m AmajUmMmhr \m`Xm hmoB©b. _hmamï— d Xoe g_¥Õ hmoB©b. Ë`mgmRr àË`oH amÁ`mVrb _amRm- eoVHar g_mO g¨a[jV ìhmdm. AmajUmMm HmoQm 80 Q¸o Hamdm. VoM Hë`mUHmar amÁ`KQZm hmo`.

Amo.~r.gr. AmajU : ^y[_H m Cnm`

Cƒ ì`mdgm`rH [ejU XoUmè`m Am`.Qr.Am`. , Am`.Am`.E_. dm VËg_ [ejU g¨ñWm¨_Ü`o Amo.~r.gr. BVa _mJmgdJr©` g_mO KQH m¨gmRr 27.50 QŠHo OmJm Ama[jV Agmì`mV; Aem n«H maMo YmoaUmË_H _V Ho¨ X«r` _Zwî`~i [dH mg_¨Ìr _m.AOw©Z[g¨h `m¨Zr OmhranUo ì`ŠV Ho bo. VËnwdr© Ë`m¨À`m [d^mJmZo ^maVmVrb d OJ^amVrb gm_mOrH [dHmgmMm Aä`mg gw_mao XmoZ dfo© Ho bm hmoVm. ^maVmVrb g_mOmMo [MÌ [d[dY A¨Jm¨Zr Aä`mgbo hmoVo. ^maV gaH maZo Joë`m nÝZmg dfo©mV amÁ`KQZoVrb Amdí`H VaVwXrH So Xwb©j Ho ë`m_wio XoemVrb _moRm g_mOKQH g¨Yr ZmH maë`m_wio A[dH [gV amhrbm. nÝZmg QŠHo earamMr Or AdñWm hmoVo VrM AdñWm OJmV ^maVmMr Pmbr Agë`mMo _mZd g¨gmYZ [dHmg _¨Ìmb`mZo _m¨Sbo. Ë`mgmRr gdm©[YH ma d¨[MV d AOmJ¥V Amo.~r.gr. KQH mg [dH mgmÀ`m n«dmhmV AmUUo d Ë`m¨À`mgmo~V XoemMm [dH mg H aUo Amdí`H Agë`mMo _V _m. AOw©Z[g¨h `m¨Zr _¨Ìr `m ZmË`mZo _m¨Sbo. E[n«b 2006 _Ü`o ì`ŠV Ho boë`m `m YmoaUm~Ôb XoemV AñdVñWm dm Aem¨VVm [Z_m©U hmoÊ`mMr JaO ZìhVr. nU ^maVmV gVV gm_m[OH ,Ym[_©H OmVr`, dJr©` g¨Kfm©VwZ H«y a X¨Jbr KSdwZ AmUUmam [dH¥ V dJ© gVV Ë`m¨Mm H m`©H« _ am~dV AgVmo. Ë`mgmRr g¨Yr emoYV AgVmo. g¨Yr Z Amë`mg [Z_m©U H aV AgVmo. hçm nmíd©^w_rda hçm boImVrb _wÚmda [dMma ìhmdm. [df` AË`¨V _moRm AgwZ ñ\ mQH ~Z[dë`m Jobm Amho. ZmBbmOmZo [dñV¥V [ddoMZ Z H aVm WmoSo gwÌ nÕVrZo _wÔo dmMH m¨À`m Aä`mgmgmRr RodV Amho.

1) ^maVr` g_mO [MÌ :

_wi ^maVr` [g¨Yw g¨ñH¥ Vr g_Voda AmYmarV hmoVr ho AmVm B[VhmgmV O_m Pmbobo Amho. OJmV Hw Rohr Zgbobr [df_VmdmXr A_mZdVmdmXr , OmVrdmXr Y_©ì`dñWm d g_mOì`dñWm ho ^maVmMo AmOMo gË` g_mO[MÌ Amho. Ë`m_wio OJmVrb [dH grV Xoem¨Mo n«íZ ho ^maVmgmaIo ZmhrV . A_oarHo V H mio-Jmoao dU©dmX hmoVm. A~«mh_ [b¨JZgma»`m AZoHm¨Zr [deofV: Jmoè`m ZoË`m¨Zr nwTmH ma KoDZ H miçm bmoH m¨Zm gd¨ hŠH A[YH ma XoDZ ~amo~arbm AmUbo. Ë`mM A_oarHo V _yiÀ`m aoS B¨S`Ýg hçm AmXrdmgr g_mOmg AmajU gd©M ImOJr ,emgH r` ,[Z_emgHr` joÌmV Amho. OnmZÀ`m gm_wamB© ZmdmÀ`m CÀM OmVrZ¨ ñdV: nwTmH ma KoDZ VoWrb [df_VmdmX gm_m[OH ñVamda JmSbm. gdm©¨Zm g_mZ g¨Yr CnbãY H éZ [Xë`m. Ë`m_wio AmO A_oarH m ,OnmZ OJmV AJ«oga AmhoV. ^maVmVrb g_mO ì`dñWoV [d[dY OmVr KQH mV AmngmV EH monm Zmhr. nU AË`¨V _moRr ìXof ^mdZm Amho. ^maVmV 26 OmZodmar, 1950 n`©¨V _Zwwñ_¥VrMo H m`Xo A_bmV hmoVo. Joë`m 55 dfm© Ë`mMr Vrd«Vm H _r Pmbr Agbr, Var Ë`mMm n«^md g¨nbobm Zmhr. n[aZm_r doX~¨Xr, VQ~¨Xr , [ejU~¨Xr , ^oQ~¨Xr Aem ~¨Xr bmXË`m `oV Zgë`m , Var doJdoJiçm _mÜ`_mVwZ Vgo dmVmdaU V`ma HaÊ`mV `oV Amho. [~[Qem¨À`m H mimV [eWrb Pmbobo [df_VmdmXr H m`Xo ñdV¨Ì ^maVmV XhmM dfm©V ZoñVmZm~wX Pmbo . EImXçm _moRm H maImZm CKSÊ`mgmRr ^maVmV Ho¨ X« d amÁ`emgZ Ë`m H maImÊ`mg ñdV:À`m nm`mda C^o amhÊ`mgmRr [d[dY H a gdbVr , H O© gdbVr XoVmV. hçm gdbVr gwédmVrg H mhr H mbmdYrgmRr Omhra hmoVmV. H maImZXma hçm Omhra H mbmdYrV C^o amhV ZmhrV. emgZ nwÝhm hr _wXV dmTdwZ XoDZ H mhr H O©_m\ r XoVo. hoM gwÌ AmajU YmoaUmMm AmYma Amho. EImÚm CÚmoJ-HmaImÝ`mg ñdV:À`m nm`mda C^o amhÊ`mgmRr gdbVr XoUo åhUOoM AmajU.

2) g_mZ g¨Yr CnbãY HaUo :

^maVmV Ho di gm_mOrH pdf_Vm ZgyZ Am[W©H [df_Vm hr _moRr Amho. J«m_rU- ehar gw[dYmMm dmX AmhoM. EH [ejH r emim, [~ZImoë`m¨Mr emim, [~Z [ejH m¨À`m emim , [dZm n«`moJemim¨Mr emim, Aml_emim Aem [ejUm¨MrM WQ²Qm H aUmè`m emim ! nmbH m¨Zm Jm`r , åher , ~H è`m , H mo¨~Sçm `m¨MoH So bj Xçm`bm doi AgVmo, nU Amnbr _wb HmoUË`m emioV d H moUË`m dJm©V [eH VmV, ho _mhrV ZgVo. `mCbQ ^ì` emim ,[df`dma [ejH , J«¨Wmb`o , dmMZmb`o ,g¨JUH , ^ì` H«rSm¨JUo, H a_UwH , [eH dÊ`m, B¨J«Or _mÜ`_, OmÊ`m`oÊ`mgmRr _moQmaJmSr Am[U `mbm gmo~V AË`¨V OmJ¥V nmbH `m XmoÝhrÀ`m _Ü`^mJr gd©gmYaU gw[dYm`wŠV e¡j[UH dmVmdaU Amho. Aem Ag_mZ g¨Yr d [df_ dmVmdaUmVrb [dXçmÏ`m©¨Zm MmiUr EH M bmdë`m OmVo.

Am[Xdmgr¨À`m _wbm¨Zm _moQmaJmSr MmbdVm `oV Zmhr, VgoM QmQm- [~bm©-~mQmÀ`m _wbm¨Zm gmnmÀ`m [~imV hmV KmbwZ Z _aVm gmn nH SVm `oUma Zmhr. dmVmdaU d g¨Yr `m ~m~r_Yrb [df_Vm Xwa ìhmdr.

dfmo©¨Zwdfo© n¨MVmam¨[H V dmVmdaUmV Zo_~mOrMo Yso KoUmao CÀM dJr©` dm dUr©` bmoH O¨JbmV CSË`m nmIambm _mé eH V Zmhr. hoM H m_ nmaÜ`mMr _wb hmVmVrb Jmo\ U dmnéZ XJSmZo H aVmV. JwUdËVm hr g¨Yrda AgVo. Ë`m_wioM HmoHUmVrb ~hwOZ _amRm g_mO A[e[jV-A¨YlÕmiwM am[hbm, Va g¨Yr [_iUmam [MËnmdZ HmoHUñW ~«m÷U OJmÀ`m HmZmHmonè`mV nmohMbm. XodmMm Y¨Xm HaUmam ~«m÷U J^©lr_¨V Pmbm, Va XodmÀ`m ZmXr bmJUmao ~hwOZ H¨Jmb-AkmZrM am[hbo.

3) AmajUm~m~X J¡ag_O :

AmajU ho CnH ma ZgwZ _mZdm[YH ma ZmH maboë`m dJm©bm Vo hŠH n«XmZ H aÊ`m¨M gmYZ Amho. Ë`m-Ë`m dJm©bm [d[dY [dH mgmÀ`m g¨Yr CnbãY H éZ XoÊ`mgmRr XoÊ`mV `oUma¨ Vo Ë`m¨M hŠH m¨M n«[V[Z[YËd Amho. gm_m[OH n[adV©Z hr Ogr Z¡g[J©H n«[H« `m Amho, VerM Vr EH OmUrdnwd©H am~dmdr bmJUmar emgZì`dñWm Amho. H mQoH moa , n«_mU~ÜX d n«m_m[UH nUo nÜXVrMo AmajUmMo \ m`Xo `mo½` ñVamda nmoMdë`mg [df_Vm H _r hmoV hmoV g_Vm ñWm[nV hmoB©b. Ë`mbm ñdamO ñdmV¨Í` åhUVmV.

EH mM Hw Qw¨~mVrb Mma- nmM _wbm¨_Ü`o EImXo _wb OÝ_VmM [dH bm¨J Agë`mg AmB©-dSrb BVa Mma geŠV _wbmnojm [dH bm¨J _wbmMr [deof d OmñV H miOr KoVmV. `mV¨ Ë`m [dH bm¨J _wbmg \w bÊ`mMr g¨Yr XoDZ Ë`mbm OJUo gwghç ìhmdo, Ë`mÀ`mVrb Ý`yZJ¨S Zmhrgm ìhmdm hr nmbHmMr YmaUm AgVo. `m H m_mV BVa ~hrU-^mDhr AmB©-dSrbm¨Mr O~m~Xmar gm_mÝ`nUo CMbVmV hrM nmbH ËdmMr ^mdZm AmajUm_Ü`o Amho.

4) Amo.~r.gr. AmajU:

^maVr` g_mO[dkmZ [df`mV OmV[dkmZmMm B[Vhmg [eH dUo AË`¨V Amdí`H Amho, VgoM OmVrMm A¨V hmoB©n`©V OmVr¨Mm bTm Wm¨~dUo Amdí`H Amho , VgoM OmVrMm A¨V hmoB©n`©¨V OmVr¨Mm bTm Wm¨~dUo AdKS Amho; nU [deof n«`ËZm¨Zr Ë`m¨Mr Vrd«Vm H _r H aVm `oD eH Vo. ^maVr` d¡XrH Y_m©Zwgma gÜ`m ^maV XoemV H odi ~«måhU d eyX« ho XmoZM dJ© [eëbH AmhoV. `mMmM AW© ^maVmV ~«måhU dJiVm gd©M _mJmgdJr©` Amho. hr gm_m[OH d _mJmgbonUmMr _m¨SUr Eg.gr., EZ.Qr., Amo.~r.gr., Aer H aÊ`mV Ambr Amho. Xaå`mZ Joë`m e¨^a dfm©V Am[W©H [df_Vm [Z_m©U Pmë`m AgwZ Am[W©H X¥ïçm _mJmgbobm _moRm dJ© `mV _moSVmo. _wimVM Amo.~r.gr. V _moSUmam _amRm, amOnwV,`mXd,aoÈr,nQob,_hoídar,gmoZma Aem H mhr OmVr¨Zm gm_mOrH X¥ïçm _mJgbobo Z _mZbo Joë`m_wio VgoM Ë`m¨Zmhr MmVwdUm©Vrb j[Ì`ËdmMm Ah¨H ma gwImdh dmQë`m_wio Ë`m¨Mo hŠH Ë`m¨À`m ZH iV [hamdë`m Jobo. `m Ym_r©H nmVirda eyX« g_mOmVrb bhmZgm ~hwYdJ© ñdV:bm j[Ì` g_Omo. A[YH mad¨[MV AgyZhr Vmo ñdH r`m¨À`mM [hVm[déÜX dmJmVmZm [XgVmo. ^maVr` Jwbm_rMo ho doJio d¡[eï KQZmHmam¨Zr Aä`mgbo hmoVo.

^maVr` amÁ`KQZoV Eg.gr. d Eg.Qr. À`m g_mO~m¨YdmZm amOH maU, [ejU d emgH r` ZmoH è`m¨_Ü`o bmoH g¨»`oÀ`m n«_mUmV hŠH mMo AmajU XoUmar VaVwX Sm°. ~m~mgmho~ Am¨~oSH am¨Zr Ho br hmoVr. B.g.1948 _Ü`o Sm°.Am¨~oSH a KQZmg[_VrMo AÜ`j hmoVo. Amo.~r.gr. ZoVo gaXma dëb^^mB© nQob, Sm°. n¨Om~amd Xoe_wI d [~hmaMo am_ M¨Xmnwar Sm°.Am¨~oSH am¨Zm ^oQbo. Ë`m¨Zr Amo.~r.gr. Mo n«íZ _m¨Sbo. Ë`mZwgma Amo.~r.gr. gmRr H b_ 340 amÁ`KQZoV Ambo. Ë`mZ¨Va Eg.gr. d Eg.Qr.V Z _moSUmè`m gd©M ~hwOZ g_mOmZo Amo.~r.gr.V _moSUmè`m OmVr bmdmì`mV `mMo AmdmhZ H obo. _hmamï—mVrb _amRm g_mOmgmRr Sm°.n¨Om~amd Xoe_wIm¨Zr amÁ`^a "_amRm OmJ¥Vr _oimdo' KoVbo. _amRo ho Hw U~r Agë`mMo gm¨JrVbo. [dX^m©Vrb gd©M _amRo AmO Ë`m¨À`m H¥ nZo "Hw Z~r' Pmbo d AmajUmMo _mbH Pmbo AmhoV. Ë`m¨MMo gmo`ao _amRo-AmonZ-gdU©-j[Ì` _amRm g_OVmV.

Amo.~r.gr. _Ü`o _moRçm g_mOmMm g_mdoe hmoVmo. Ë`m_wio Ë`m¨À`mgmRr [Z[íMV YmoaU AmIVm Ambo Zmhr. nwTo n¨Vn«YmZ ZohéÀ`m H mimV Ë`mgmRr H mbobH a Am`moJ d B¨Xram Jm¨YrÀ`m H mimV _¨Sb Am`moJ Zo_Ê`mV Ambo. [dídZmW n«Vmn[ghm¨Zr _¨Sb Am`moJÀ`m [e\magr A¨eV: A_bmV AmUë`m . 52 QŠHo Amo.~r.gr. gmRr 27 QŠHo AmajU bmJw Hobo. gdmo©ÀM Ý`m`mb`mZo OmñVrV OmñV AmajUmMr QŠHo dmar 50 Hobr. bmoHg^oZo Hm`Xm HéZ g_Vm-g_mZVm ñWm[nV hmoB©n`©V hr _`m©Xm 80 Q¸o Hamdr.

5) AmajUmM bm^ d \m`Xo:

AmajUmMo gd©M \m`Xo [d[eîQ HwQy¨~ KoV AmhoV d Ë`mMdoir _mJmgdJr©` g_mOmVrb d¨[MV dJ© `m gd©M bm^mnmgwZ d¨[MVM amhV Amho, hr ^mdZm gmVË`mZo _m¨Sbr OmV Amho. amOfr© emhwOr _hmamOm¨Zr AmajUmMo _hËd nQdwZ XoÊ`mgmRr YSYmHQ d _ñVdmZ KmoSç¨À`m gmo~VM bhmZ-Jar~-[e¨Jao no¨S ImÊ`mgmRr _¡XmZmV gmoSbo hmoVo.ImÊ`mMr no¨S EHM [RHmUr Rodbr hmoVr YSYmHQ KmoSo VoWo nmohMbo. ~mHrMo Xw~©bVo_wio XyaM C^o amhrbo. `m Xw~©b KmoSçm¨À`m Vmo¨SmV Ë`m¨Mo hŠHmMo AÝZ Omdo, `mgmRr AmajU ho _hmamOm¨Zr nQdwZ [Xbo.

_mJmgdJr©` g_mOmZo AmajUmVwZ [ejU, [ejUmVwZ ZmoHar ì`dgm`, `mVyZ gËVm g¨nËVr [Z_m©U Hobr. hmM dJ© nwÝhm-nwÝhm n«Ë`H [n[TV AmajU KoV Agë`m~m~VMm Amnoj nQÊ`mgmaIm Amho. Ë`m_wio Amo~rgr¨gmRr "[H«_o[b`a' nÕV bmdÊ`m~m~VMm gdmo©ÀM Ý`m`mb`mZo [ZXo©e [Xbo hmoVo.

AmajUmdarb hm Amjon Aä`mgmÊ`mMr JaO Amho. BVam¨Zm g¨Yr ZmHmaë`m OmVmV hr ^mdZm d¨[MV g_mOmVhr éMV Amho. AmajUmMo \m`Xo KoUmam dJ© n«ñWm[nV hmoV Amho. Ë`m_wio _mJmgdJr©` g_mOm_Ü`ohr AmnAmngmV g¨Kf© [Z_m©U hmoV Amho. `mda ì`mdhm[aH d gm_m[OH Cnm` emoYwZ Vmo Hm`ÚmZo am~dVm¨Zm gm_m[OH n«~moYZ JaOoMo Amho. _mJmgdJr©` gd©M g_mO KQHm¨Zr `m~m~V nwTmHma KoDZ g_mOmA¨VJ©V g_mZ g¨~¨YmgmRr nmofH dmVmdaU Hamdo.Vo Amdí`H Amho.

6)AmajU d JwUdËVm:

hm _wÔm ^md[ZH AgwZ gË`mbm ZmHmaUmam Amho. JwUdËVm hr OmV, OÝ_,[d[eï g_wXm` `mda Adb¨~wZ ZgwZ Vr g¨Yrda Adb¨~wZ AgVo. QmQm,~OmO,[~bm©,A¨~mZr,Hë`mUr,Jwé_wVr© BË`mXr AZoH HmaImZXma-CÚmJnVr¨Zm hçmda EHm¨JrnUm n«X[e©V Hobm. `mgmRr ^maVr` CúmoJmMm d HmaImZXmarMm YmdVm AmTmdm nmhw.

B¨½b¨S_Ü`o Am¡XçmoJrH H«m¨Vr Pmë`mZ¨Va ^maVmVhr [~[Qem¨Zr Hmhr CÚmoJ gwé Hobo. `m[edm` ^maVmVrb [d[dY HÀMm _mb ZoDZ nŠHm _mb Vo ^maVmV AmUV AgV. Ë`mdoir ^maVmV AmOÀ`m CXçmoJnVr¨Mo HmoUVohr CXçmoJ ZìhVo. J«m_rU ^mJmV AbwVoXma-~bwVoXma nÕVr hmoË`m. eoVrda Adb¨~wZ g_mO hmoVm. gwVma, bmohma, Hw¨^ma,[dUHa,[e¨nr,Ýhmdr,eoVr Ago [d[dY ì`dgm` hmoVo. ho gd© Ë`m HmimVbo CÚmoJnVr hmoVo. Am¡Úmo[JHrHaUm_wio CËnmXZ dmTbo, `¨Ìo Ambr. ~bwVoXmam¨À`m CËnmXZmbm "hñVHbm' hçm dJm©V QmHbo. dmñV[dH Á`m¨Mo _yi CXçmoJ hmoVo Ë`m¨ZmM Am¡XçmoJrHaUmMr g¨Yr XoUo `mo½` Pmbo AgVo. QmQm bmohma Z hmoVm CXçmoJnVr Pmbo. ~mQm Mm¨^ma Z hmoVm CXçmoJnVr Pmbo. B¨J«Om¨ZM _XV HaUmaoM _moRo Pmbo.

1920 À`m Xaå`mZ ^maVmVrb Hmnyg B¨½bS [dHV ZoV Ago. Ë`m ~Xë`mV Hmhr OmnmZr _b_b HmnS d ZJX n¡go [_iV Ago. Mma [Šd¨Qb JmSr Hmnyg [dHë`mg gmYmaU XmoZ Vmoio gmoZo , Vrg dma HmnS d Hmhr ZHX eoVHè`mg [_iV. ñdXoer Midi gwé hmoDZ ^maVr` CÚmoJnVr¨Zm V`ma Hobobm H nSm dmnamdm , B¨½b¨S, OnmZbm Hmnyg [dHw Z`o hr Midi gwé Pmbr. QmQmÀ`m HmnS [JaÊ`m¨Zm eoVH è`m¨Mm Hmnwg _mVrVmob ^mdmZo [Xbm. [O[Z¨J \° ŠQargmRr _mo\ V eoH Smo EHa O[_Zr [Xë`m. hçmM O[_Zr AmO VmbwŠ`mnmgwZ _¨w~B©n`©V [dHm`bm HmTë`mV. eoVHar Oo _oboV Vo AmOhr C^o ZmhrV. QmQmÀ`m EHmhr [_bMo HmnS AmOÀ`m OnmZÀ`m 50 QŠHohr Zmhr. OmñV n¡gm _moOwZ Amåhr AmajU ZgVmZmhr H_r XOm©-JwUdËVm Agbobo HmnS KoVbo. CÚmoJnVr¨À`m AmajUmgmRr eoVHar _mabo.

`m[edm` Joë`m 50 dfm©V Am¡Xçmo[JHrHaUmÀ`m ZmdmImbr Ho¨X« d amÁ`emgZmZo gd©M CÚmoJnVr¨Zm O_rZr, Am[W©H ghHm`©, gdbVr¨Mo HO© , g~[gSr, _oZmonmbr, HagdbVr Ago AZoH joÌmV AmajU [Xbo. ^maVr` CXçmoJnVr¨Zr d HmaImZXmam¨Zr AmOn`©¨V [Z_m©U Hobobr QmMUrnmgwZ Vo _moQmaJmSrn`©VMr AZoH CËnmXZo OmJ[VH ~mOmamV MrZ, Vm`dmZ, OnmZgma»`m Xoem¨À`mM Zìho, Va AZoH ~m~VrV nm[HñVmZ-~m¨Jbm XoemÀ`mhr VwbZoV hbHr AmhoV. Varhr ^maV gaHmaMr XmoZ bmI HmoQr én`m¨Mr gdbV KoVbr.

AmO OmJ[V[HHaUmV ^maVr` CÚmoOH [QHV ZmhrV. ñdXoerÀ`m ZmdmImbr nwÝhm EHXm AmajU _mJV AmhoV. AmVm Vo OmJ[VH ~mOmamV Hm [QH V ZmhrV? OJmVrb Xoem¨Mr [d^mJUr [dHgrV, [dHgZerb d A[dH grV hçm VrZ n«HmamV hmoVo. ^maVr` ^mfoV-[dHgrV-gdU©-AmonZ, [dHgZerb -BVa _mJmgdJr©`-Amo.~r.gr.,A[dHgrV åhUOo _mJmg dJ©-Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr.! BWo ^maVr` CÚmoOH JwUdËVoÀ`m Zmdmda OmJVrH ñnYo©VZ CVaVm ~mhoéZM `oUmè`m CÀM JwUdËVoMm d ñdñV _mb KoD ZHm , Ë`mda ~¨Xr AmUm , Aer _mJUr HaV AmhoV. `mbmM AmajU åhUVmV. EãXm¨Mm Ni HéZ Ioi Ham`Mm d ~hwOZm¨Mo ^md[ZH emofU Ham`Mo ho MwH Amho.

Joë`m 50 dfmo©V ^maVr` CXçmoJnVr¨Zr HmoUVo Zdo V¨ÌkmZ [dHgrV Hobo Amho? gd© AÚ`mdV g¨emoYZ emgHr` CnH«_mV Pmbobo AgwZ Vo gd© Amo.~r.gr. dm Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr.À`m bmoHm¨Zr Ho bobo Amho. ImOJr joÌmVrb CÚmoOHm¨Zr naXoer V¨ÌkmZ MmoéZ dm Am`mV HéZ ^¨Jma _mb Amåhmbm [dHbm, Jm¨YrOrÀ`m ghdmgmMm d g¨~¨YmMm Cn`moJ HéZ [~bm© d ~OmO _moRo PmboV. [~bm©Zo _moRçm JmdmV HamoSmo én`o IM© HéZ d Am`Ha gdbV KoDZ _moR-_moRr _¨[Xao ~m¨YbrV. CÚmoJnVr¨Mm CÚmoJ _¨[Xa ~m¨You hm Zmhr. `m _¨[XamMo ì`dñWmnZ-nyOm-AmaVr-n¨SrV nwamohrVmHSo Amho.åhUOoM VoWo AmË`¨[VH OmVdmX nmibm OmVmo. g_mOmÀ`m n¡emZo ~m¨Ybobr Aer _¨[Xao ! [df_VmM ngadVmV ho CÚmoJ ! `mgmRr ~°¨Hm¨Mo HO© KoVmV d ~wSdVmV.

7)Am`.Qr.goŠQa:

_mhrVr V¨ÌkmZm_wio OJ d¡[ídH IoSo Pmbo Amho. BboŠQ—m[ZŠg_woio Pmbobr H«¨mVr ZoÌ[XnH Amho. nydr© \moS© H¨nZrgmaIo bmImo¨Zm amoOJma nwadUmao HmaImZo AmVm ~¨X nSVmhoV. n«M¨S Am[W©H CbmTmb na¨Vw AË`ën d [d[eï amoOJma [Z[_©Vr_wio ~oamoOJmar dmTV Amho. n[aUm_r A[V CÀM[e[jV _oarQMo bmoH Am`.Qr.joÌmV ^maVmV _OXwamÀ`m XamZo CnbãY AmhoV. ^maVmV Am`.Qr.goŠQa_Yo HmoUVohr _wb^wV g¨emoYZmMo Hm_ Pmbobo Zmhr. A_oarHobm Ë`m¨À`m AmXoemZwgma Qm`[n¨J HéZ XoUo Out Sourcing ho Hm_ ^maVmV MmbVo. A_oarHm h_mbrMr Hm_o HaV Zmhr. Amnë`mHSo [Xdg AgVmo Voìhm Ë`m¨À`mHSo amÌ AgVo. Vo [Xdg^a Oo Hm_ HaVmV Ë`mMr Hm°nr HaÊ`mMo Hm_ Amnbo So Called - _oarQdmbo HaVmV. Vhgrb, HmoQ© , n¨Mm`V g[_Vr , Zmo¨XUr Hm`m©b` BWo Ogo Qm`[n¨Jdmbo-boIZdmbo ~gVmV Vgo , Vo Hm_ E.gr. _Ü`o HaUo åhUOo Amnë`mHSo I.T. Sector.

A_oarHm Á`m Hm_mgmRr hçm CÚmoJnVr¨Zm drg hOma Sm°ba åhUOo gw_mao Xhm bmI én`o XoVo, Ë`mM Hm_mda `m¨Zm XmoZ hOma Sm°bg© åhUOo gw_mao EH bmI én`o IM© Amho. ^m¨SdbemhrVwZ emofU HéZ JwUdËVm gm¨JUo MwH Amho. Vo nJmahr H_rM XoVmV.

8) e¡j[UH JwUdËVm d Ë`mMo _mnX¨S :

^maV XoemVrb dU© d OmVr ì`dñWo_wio e¡j[UH JwUdËVm d Ë`mMo _mnX¨S hm gVV dmXmMm [df` amhrbobm Amho. ~«måhU dJiVm BVam¨Zm [ejU~¨Xr hm BWbm Hm`Xm hmoVm. Ver g_mOì`dñWm hOmamo df© Amåhr Omonmgbr HwUã`mM¨ XmU¨,_hmamM¨ JmU¨ [Z ~m_UmM¨ [bdU¨ Agm Amåhr OJÊ`mMm Y_© nmibm. EHbì` gd©loð `moÕm hmoB©b d AOw©Z _mJo nSob, åhUwZ EHbì`mMm A¨JRm Hmnbm. e¨~wImMr hË`m Hobr. AmVm hoM Hm_ n«VrHmamË_H nÕVrZo narjoV Zmnmg HaUo, n«°ŠQrHëgMo _mH©g² HmnUo, nonaMo _mH©g² HmnUo, Amnë`m OmVrÀ`m _wbmMm nona [bH HaUo,Ë`m¨Mo _mH©g² dmTdUo,Vmo¨Sr narjoV Zmnmg HaUo `m n«Hmao gwéM Amho. OmV AmoiIy Z `oUmam EImXm ~hwOZ [dXçmWr© H«_m¨H EHda Agë`mg Ë`mMr em~mgHr XoÊ`mÀ`m [Z[_ËVmZo Ë`mÀ`m nmRrda Wmn _méZ Vmo hmV Ë`mÀ`m nmRrdéZ [\adV ZoDZ Ë`mÀ`m JiçmV OmZdo bmJVo Hm` `mMm emoY ¿`m`Mm, hm [ZMnUm Á`m n[dÌ joÌmV MmbVmo VoWo HmoUVo _oarQ-JwUdËVoMo [ZHf bmdUma? AË`¨V n«[V[ðV g_Oë`m OmUmè`m XeVmam¨[HV Ten Star _°ZoO_o¨Q-B¨O[ZA[a¨J BË`mXr g¨ñWm_Ü`o _mH©g² dmTdÊ`mgmRr; nmg HaÊ`mgmRr dm _oarQ_Ü`o AmUÊ`mgmRr _wbm¨Mo b¡[JH emofU AmOÀ`m `wJmV Hobo OmVo, hr ea_oMr ~m~ Amho. nwÊ`mÀ`m [gå~m°`grg g¨ñWoV ZwHVmM `m~m~V Sexual Exploitation of Girls in Prestigious Institutions-Universities hm narg¨dmX Pmbm. _oargmRr hçm n«HmaÀ`m _oarQg² JaO Á`m XoemV ^mgV Agob VoWrb CÚmoJnVr¨Mo ~mobdVo YZr HmoU AmhoV; ho gm¨JÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr. UPSC/MPSC V boIr narjoV 80 QŠHo _mŠg© [_idUmao ~hwOZm¨Mo [dXçmWr© Vmo¨Sr narjoV 20 QŠHo _mH© [_idw eHV ZmhrV! JwUdËVoMo _mnX¨S HmoUr Radbo d HmoUr _moObo ; `mda Am_À`m XoemVrb _oarQ MmbVo.

gÜ`m ^maVmV n«_wI _moRçm CÚmoJnVr¨Mm Joë`m Xhm dfm©V ^aÊ`mV Amboë`m darð nmVirdarb OmJm¨Mm AmnU AmTmdm KoD. Joë`m Xhm dfm©V, M.B.A.,B.E.,LL.B.,SOCIAL SCIENCES BË`mXr [df`m¨V nyU©nUo JwUdËVoda AmYmarV AZoH ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb _wb¨ Merit _Ü`o dm \ñQ© Šbmg_Ü`o nmg Pmbobo AmhoV. Ë`m¨À`mn¡Hr Iwn H_r _mH© [_imbobo goH¨S Šbmg_Ü`o Pmbobo Ë`m¨MoM dJ©[_Ì _°ZoOg© AmhoV. Ë`m¨À`m gmo~VMm AO© Hobobo AgVmV. HwRo Jobo Merit ?

QmQm JmoXaoO CÚmoJg_whmVwZ HmoUË`mhr [ejU KoVboë`m nmaer ì`ŠVrg, [~bm©-~OmO _Ü`o _mhoídar ì`ŠVrg, [Hbmo©ñHa_Ü`o ~«måhU ì`ŠVrg [~Zm _wbmIV gm_mdwZ KoVbo OmVo. VgoM OmhramV [Xë`mg OmhramVrVrb AZoH ~m~r [d[eï ì`ŠVr ZOaog_moa RoDZ [Xë`m OmVmV. ho gd© OJOmhra Amho. AZoHm¨Zr ^moJbobo Amho. VH«ma Hoë`mg CËVa Zmhr . HwUr XIb KoV Zmhr.n¡gm IM© HaÊ`mMr j_Vm ZgVo. ^«ï Ý`m`mb`mda [dídmg Cabobm Zmhr. CËV_ eoVr , _Ü`_ ì`mnma , H[Zð ZmoHar d Ë`mnojm [^I ~ar hm Zmam Am_À`m _o¨Xwda [~¨~dbm Jobm. eoVrV Am_Mr _mVr Pmbr. ~iramOm AmË_hË`m HaV Amho. n«[VHwb dmVmdaUmV ~mamdr _oarQ JEECETPMT-PETHéZ JwUdËVoda IIM-IIT-MEDICAL bm Open Merit _YwZ n«doe [_idwZ dJm©V Joë`mda AmOhr _mñVa ZmHmVwZ AmdmO HmTwZ B¨J«OrV ~mobVmV, Aao eoVr gmoSwZ BHSo Hembm Ambmg? Vwbm hm Hmog© Ponm`Mm Zmhr. BWo ~¡bmgmo~V Hm_ Ham`Mo Zmhr ; BWo Aä`mg Hamdm bmJVmo. AmO B.g.2006 _Ü`o OmË`¨Y [ejHm¨À`m Ìmgm_wio _oSrHb [ejU AY©dQ gmoSwZ AmË_hË`m HaUmar dm KamVwZ [ZKwZ OmUmè`m ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb [dÚmÏ`m¨Mo _oarQ _moOm`Mo Vo HmoUË`m _mnX¨SmZo? _wŠ`m ~¡bm¨Zm gmo~V KoDZ hOma \wQ gai aofoV noaUr HaUmè`m eoVHè`m¨À`m nmoam¨Zm dH«aofm [eHmdr bmJVo. dmHSo Y¨Xo HaUo hm Ë`m¨Mm g¨ñHmaM ZgVmo. ZwHË`mM [O.n.nwUo `oWo n[aMa hçm dJ©-3 À`m nXmgmRr n[ajm Pmë`mV, Z_wÝ`mXmIb VoWrb JwUm¨Mm A¨H nhm.

A.	AmgZ H«.	BoIr JwU	Vmo¨Sr JwU	Zmd
1	462	64	7.55	XwY^mVo [dîUw
2	2581	58	7.55	gm¨Jdo adr
3	1658	50	9.50	HwiHUr© n«Xrn
4	1657	50	15.50	HwiHUr© [H emoa

boIr narjoV 64 AZ² 8 _mŠg© [_idUmè`m nmoam¨Zm Vmo¨Sr narjoV 7.55 _mŠg© AZ² 50 _mH© [_idUmè`m HwbHUr© ~Y¨wZm 9.50 d 15.50 _mŠg© ! gmÜ`m n[aM`mV ^aVrVbo ho Metit Va IAS ~Ôb IIM,IIT,MEDICAL ,CET,JEE ~m~V Hm` gm¨Jmdo ? Olympics _Ü`o AmajU Zmhr. ^maVmZo EHhr gwdU©nXH {_idbo Zmhr.

9) OmVrÀ`m Hw~Sçm Hembm ?

^maVmMm gm¨ñH¥VrH , amOHr`, Ym[_©H B[Vhmg nmhrë`mg ñnï hmoB©b Hr, ^maVmVrb ~hwOZ g_mOmVrb Amo~rgr, Eg.gr.,EgQr `m dJm©Vrb _hm_mZdm¨ZrM OmVrA¨VmMm bTm [Xbm Amho. [g¨Yw g¨ñH¥VrV [ednmd©Vr-[edeŠVr Mo n«VrH AgUmè`m [edY_m©V dU©,OmVr ZìhË`mM . g_Vm-g_mZVm-ñdmV¨Í`-Ý`m`-~¨YwVm-Zddm-em¨VVm Aer _mZdVmdmXr VËdmda AmYm[aV g_mOì`dñWm hmoVr. Vgo AmMaU hmoVo. d¡XrH AmH«_Hm¨g_moa Vo CX²ÜdñV Pmbo. [df_Vm ñWmnU Pmbr. emofUdmX dmTbm . emofUmMr hË`mao Ambr, MmVw©dUm©gmo~VM OmVì`dñWm bmXbr Jobr, ~«måhU _mbH d BVa gmao Jwbm_ Rabo. [VÝhr dUm©gh gd©M [ñÌ`m (~«måhU[ñÌ`mhr) ewX« Radë`m Joë`m , Ë`m¨Zm [ejUmMm, gËVoMm, n¡emMm, g¨nËVrMm A[Yhma ZìhVm. AmngmV ^oQwZ CRmd hmoD Z`o `mgmRr amoQr~¨Xr, ^oQ~¨Xr, ~oQr~¨Xr, VQ~¨Xr Aem gmV ~¨Xr AmUë`m. Mmdm©H , ~ir, _hmdra, Jm¡V_ ~wÕ, Zm_Xod, ~gdoída, a[dXmg, OUmB©, VwHmam_, [OOmD, [edam`, OmoVr~m \wbo, gm[dÌr~mB©, emhw _hmamO, ~m~mgmho~ Am¨~oSHa, BË`mXr¨Zr OmVr A¨VmgmRr bTo C^mabo. doimodoir Vo `eñdr Hobo. n«VrMidirV Vo `e [QHdUo AZw`m`m¨Zm O_bo Zmhr. noedmB©V OmVr Ah¨Hma n«M¨S dmTbm. nQdY©ZmÀ`m O_I¨Sr hçm g¨ñWmZmV OmVr [Z_w©bZmMo Hm_ HaUmè`m [dÇb am_Or [e¨Xo `m¨Zm [Odo _maÊ`mMr Y_Hr [Xbr Jobr. [~«[Qem¨Mo amÁ` Ambo. noedmB© ~wSmbr. OmoVr~m¨Zr ~hwOZm¨gmRr [ejUmMr Xmao CKSbr. B¨J«O gaHmaZohr CXmaVm XmIdbr. [ejUmgmo~VM amOgËVoMm _mJ© Iwbm HaÊ`mMr _mJUr [ñdHmabr. 11 Zmoìho¨~a,1917 amoOr ~mi J¨JmYa [QiHm¨Zr AWZr `oWrb ^mfUmV, Vobr-_mir-HwU~r-YZJa-[e¨nr-Ýhmdr-Hmoir Aem OmVr¨À`m bmoHm¨Zm [d[Y_¨SimV nmRdyZ Hm` Vob HmTm`Mo eoVr Ham`mMr-Zm¨Ja hmHm`Mm hr Hog ^mXam`Mo Agm n«íZ Cn[ñWV HéZ VoWo \ŠV ~«måhUM nmRdmdoV Agm AmJ«h Yabm, OmVrdaM _oarQ Rodmdo hm OmVr Ah¨Hma [QiHm¨Mm !! åhUwZ Ë`m¨Zm noedmB© nmhrOo hmoVr. [QiHm¨À`m `m OmVr Ah¨HmamdaM _oarQ d gËVm , hm [dMma ^maVmV 15 Am°JñQ 1947 amoOr amOgËVoV A_bmV AmUbm Jobm. B¨J«OrÀ`m VmdSrVwZ ^maV Xoe ñdV¨Ì Pmë`mda ^maVmMm nhrbm n«YmZ_¨Ìr HmoU Agmdm `m~m~V MMm© gwé Pmbr gaXma dëb^^mB© nQob, AmMm`© H¥nmbmZr d n¨[SV Odmhabmbm Zohé hr Zmdo nwTo Ambr. bmoHemhr amÁ` gwé hmoUma hmoVo. HwUr _mKma KoV ZìhVo. n¨Yam OUm¨Mo [ZdS_¨Si ~hw_VmZo JwUdËVm (_oarQ) [gÕ HéZhr ^maVmMo n[hbo n«YmZ_¨Ìr eyÝ` _V [_idUmao n¨[SV Odmhabmb Zohé Pmbo. JwUdËVm-OmV ~«måhU. n¨[SV hr CnmYr ZgwZ, n¨SrV `m eãXmMm AW© Hm[í_ar ~«måhU Amho. ñdV¨Ì ^maV XoemV Amo~rgr JwUdËVm nm`Xir VwSdwZ `m XoemMm [Va¨Jm n¨[SV Zohé¨Zr \SHdbm. ^maVr` bmoHemhr V»V, VZIm d Vbdma `mnmgwZ _wŠV RodÊ`mMo Omhra AmídmgZ Zohé¨Zr [Xbo. nU Ë`m¨ZmM Vo nmiVm Ambo Zmhr, OmVrMm AmYma Zohé¨Zr KoVbm, Amo~rgr nQobm¨Zr Zmhr.

10) JwUdËVoV gËVoMm dmna:

embo` _hm[dÚmb`rZ ZmoHa^aVr Aem joÌmV gËVoMm J¡admna HéZ Amo~rgr, Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr. ~hwOZ, AmonZ `m¨Mo _o[aQ Smdbë`m OmVo ho gd©kmV AmhoM , Ë`mgmRr Hm`Xm ,Ý`m`mb`, n«emgZ,emgZ [d[Y_¨Si ho gma¨ dmnéZ [d[YdV Hoë`m OmVmV. gmè`m e¡j[UH g¨ñWm Amo~rgrÀ`mM AmhoV. nU Ë`m¨Zm Hmhr g_OV Zmhr. Ë`m¨Zm Hm_mnwaVm n¡gm, nX ,n«[Vðm XoDZ Xm~wZ Rodë`m OmVo. Sm°. nV¨Jamd HX_ Ago gmao g¨ñWmMmbH H°a_ IoimVrb JmoQçm AmhoV. _ma Im`bm n¡gm bmdm`bm, Amo~rgr d _mZ Úm`bm n¡gm Im`bm OmVdmbm nmhrOo, `mbm åhUVmV _oarQ.

Hmhr dfm©nwdr© _hmamï—mMo am_ ZmB©H ho Ho¨X« emgZmV noQ—mobr`_ _¨Ìr hmoVo. Ë`m¨Zr dmQn Hobobo noQ—mobn¨n HmJXmonÌr _oarQdaM hmoVo. nU n««Ë`j ì`dhmamV Hm` Pmbo hmoVo ho gdmo©ÀM Ý`m`mb`mZoM XmIdwZ [Xbo Amho. `mM ZmB©HmHSo Hmhr [Xdg aoëdo _¨Ìmb` hmoVo. Ë`mÀ`m HmimV _w¨~B©Vrb Hwbm© Q[_©Zb gwé Pmbo d VoWwZ gwQUmè`m XmoZ E.gr. SrbŠg XmoZ aoëdo JmSçm Hwbm©-ZmJnwa-d Hwbm©-hmdS ìhm`m ZmJnwa Aem gwé Pmë`m hmoË`m. ZmB©Hm¨Zr dV©_mZnÌmV OmhramV XoDZ Hwbm© Q[_©Zg, d XmoÝhr aoëdo JmSçm¨Zm Zmdo gwMdÊ`mgmRr [dZ¨Vr Hobr. gdm©YrH ng¨VrdéZ Omhra Hobobr Zmdo Aer

(1) Hwbm© Q[_©Zg:bmoH_mÝ` [QiH Q[_©Zg.

(2)Hwbm©-ZmJnwa aoëdo :g_W© EŠgn«og(AmVm ~¨X Pmbr)

(3) Hwbm©-hmdSm ìhmSm ZmJnwa aoëdo: kmZoídar EŠgn«og.

QmQm, ~OmO, [~bm© gm¨Jm `mV IaM _oarQ Amho Hm` ? Á`m _oarQ Amho Hm`? Á`m XoemV XoemMm B[Vhmg ~mQdë`m OmVmo, Ë`m XoemV _oarQ ~mQdUo AdKS Zmhr. gmoZo nm¨KéU [M¨Ü`m [dHÊ`mMm Y¨Xm VoOrV AgVmZm , [M¨Ü`m nm¨KéU gmoZo [dHUo _yI©nUmMo AgVo hoM Amo~rgrbm g_OV Zmhr .

^maV XoemVrb g¨ajU ImË`mnmgwZ Vo J«m_nmVirn`©V Am[W©H KmoQmio Aä`mgë`mg Ë`mV HwUrhr Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr. dm ~hwOZ Zmhr. gd©M KmoQmio HaUmao CÀM _oarQdmbo AmhoV. `mVwZ ISRO hr gwQbobr Zmhr. ~hwOZ ho JwUdmZM AgVmV. JwUd¨VM AgVmV. kmZd¨VM AgVmV.

11) gm_m[OH YmoaU d Cnm`:

HmoUË`mhr [df`m~m~V Ooìhm EH_V hmoV Zmhr,Voìhm "~hwOZ [hVm` ~hwOZ gwIm` ' VmoSJm HmTUo ho [hVmMo AgVo. Vgo Z Pmë`mg g¨Kf© AQi AgVmo. g¨Kf©mMm eodQ ZmemVM hmoVmo. XmoÝhr ~mOyHSoM ZoVo Amnë`mVM Jw_r©V AgVmV. dmX [_QdÊ`mÀ`m [XeoZo [dMma-[d[Z_` hmoVmZm [XgV Zmhr. ^maVmV bmoHemhr Amho. g¨gX Amho. XoemV amÁ`KQZm Amho. gd©M joÌmVrb, gd©M Y_m©Vrb, gd©M OmVrVrb kmZr-[dìXmZ bmoH AmhoV. OJ^a Á`m¨Zm OJ^a _mÝ`Vm Amho Ago n¨Vn«YmZ_¨Ìr Sm°. _Z_mohZ[g¨h AmhoV. XoemMo d CÚmoJnVr¨Mohr [hV ìhmdo Aer YmaUm AgUmao amOHr`-gm_m[OH joÌmVrb ZoVo AmhoV. AmngmVrb g_O-J¡ag_O MMo©ìXmam g_OwZ KoUo eŠ` Amho. n«gma_mÜ`_mVwZ ^SH [dYmUo _m¨SUo AWdm n«gma_mÜ`_m¨Zrhr [dH¥V, ImoQçm dm ^SH [dYmZm¨Zm OmñVrMr n«[gÕr XoUo MyH Amho. gd©M amOHr` njmV CÚmoJnVr¨Mo Am[W©H g¨~¨Y Jw¨Vbobo AmhoV. OJ^amVM hŠH-A[YhmamMr OmUrd Pmbobo g_yh Ë`mgmRr g¨Kf© HaV AmhoV. "Jm¨Yr MwH Hr JmoSgo ~amo~a' ho RaÊ`m AmYrM JmoSgoZo Jm¨Yrbm _méZ QmHb¨. EHm [Ze:ñÌ, [ZYm©ñV, gwa[jV, em¨Vr[n«` ì`ŠVr¨Mr hË`m HaU¨ [HVr gmon¨ AgV¨ ho JmoSgoZo XmIdwZ [Xbo. n«Ë`oHmMmM [dMma Amnmnë`m [RHmUr `mo½` AgVom. `m [dMmam¨Mm Hmo¨S_mam ZHmo. VgoM [dMmam¨Mr gwñnïVm Agmdr nmaXe©HVm Agmdr. EH_oHm¨Zm _mZ-gÝ_mZ amIbm Omdm. Á`mM¨ MwHV Agob Ë`mZo XwéñV Hamd¨. An_m[ZV ^mdZm H«waVoHSo ZoVmV.

AmajUmMm OmVrMm AmYma HwUmbmhr ZHmo Amho. nU Vmo nyU© [PSHmaÊ`mnwdr© gdm©¨Zm gm_mdwZ KoUmar gd© g_mdoeH ì`dñWm [Z_m©U ìhmdr . MrZMr bmoHg¨»`m ^maVmnojm OmñV Amho. nU MrZ_Ü`o ^maVmnojm ~oamoOJmarMo n«_mU H_r Amho. VoWrb emgZ, CÚmoOH , HmaImZXma , gm_m[OH ZoVo , d¡km[ZH, V¨Ì¨k , eoVHar, HbmHma, [ejUVÁk, `wdHm¨Mo n«[V[ZYr Ago gd©OU g_¥Õ MrZgmRr Hm`©aV AmhoV. Amnë`mHSo ^mfmdmX,n«m¨VdmX , OmVdmX,O_mVdmX, Y_©dmX, J«m_rU-ehardmX, amOHr`dmX, d¡`ŠVrHdmX,Hm¡Qw¨~rHdmX dmTVM AmhoV. `m gdm©da A¨Hwe RodUmam [edmOr nmhrOo. Ë`m [XeoZo Amåhr Hm` Hé eHVmo `mMo [Z`moOZ HéZ ì`dhmamV AmUmdo bmJob. _wR^a bmoHm¨HSoM gma¨ EHdQb¨` hr ~hwg¨»`mMr ^mdZm Pmbr Amho. Amnbr O_rZ Jobr, OJÊ`mM¨ gmYZ Job`, Ë`mnmoQr Amnë`mbm Aën _mo~Xbm [_imbm, _wbmbm ZmoHar Zmhr , JmdmV Hm_ Zmhr, ehamV nV Zmhr, Im`bm AÝZ Zmhr, amhm`bm hŠHmMo Ka Zmhr, A¨Jmda YS HnSo ZmhrV, ß`m`bm nmUr Zmhr, AmOmanUmV Am¡fY Zmhr. `mVwZM _mZ[gH g¨VwbZ [~KSm`bm doi bmJV Zmhr. _mÂ`m dSrbmonm[O©V O_rZrda hOmamo HmoQr én`m¨Mo ì`dhma C^o amhrboV. Ë`mV _mPm dmQm Zmhr. hr ^mdZm, nmoQmVbr AmJ d Vr AOyZ ^SHwZ HmhrVar KmVnmV Hamdm Ago gm¨JUmar Am_À`mgmaIr ZoVo_¨Sir ! `mVwZM X~m YéZ ~gbobm CìXoJ C\miwZ CQob. \merda OmUmè`m ZWwam_mÀ`m am¨Jm bmJVrb ; nU Jm¨Yrhr _mJo [eëbH amhUma Zmhr. "gdo©Ì gw[MZ: g¨Vw gd© g¨Vw [Zam_m`' ho AmXe©dmXr VËdkmZ Pmb¨. nU "~hwOZ [hVm` ~hwOZ gwIm`' hm ì`dhma g_OwZ ¿`mdm. AmajU ho HwUmbm bwQÊ`mgmRr ZgyZ d¨[MVm¨Zm _mZd ~Z[dUo `mgmRr EH _mÜ`_ Amho. Vo narnwU© Zmhr.

gm_m[OH EHg¨KnUm, gm_m[OH Ý`m` , gm_m[OH em¨VVm d gm_m[OH gwa[jVVm `mgmRr Hmhr Cnm` gwMdwZ Wm¨~Vmo.

(1) Am[Ib ^maVr` ñVamda, n«mW[_H ñVamda ñWm[ZH ^mfm dJiVm gd©M [ejU gmaIo Agmdo.

(2) gdm©Zm [ejU, Amamo½` , amoOJma, gm_m[OH gwa[jVVm [_iob Ago YmoaU am~dmdo.

(3) OmVrgmRr A¨VmgmRr n«~moYZ HéZ Ë`m¨Mo n«[V[Z[YËd Xçmdo.

(4) OmñVrV OmñV bmoHm¨Zm gd©M joÌmV g_mZ g¨Yr [_iVrb Ago [Z`moOZ Agmdo. eodQÀ`m d¨[MVmn`©¨V OmÊ`mgmRrM ñdmV¨Í`.

(5) ^maVmVrb g_mOì`dñWoMm Aä`mg HéZ l_ , ~wÕr Hm¡eë` BË`mXr emaarH l_mVwZ [Z[_©Vr ìhmdr. J«m_rU ^mJmVM amoOJma [Z_m©U ìhmdm åhUOo ñnYm© [d^mJbr OmVo.

(6) gmaoM gaHmaZo Hamdo hr ^mdZm ~Xbmdr.

(7) [nTçmZ²[nTçm Am_À`mda AÝ`m` Pmbm`, ho aSJmUo AmVm Wm¨~dmdo HmaU Ë`mVwZ ghmZw^wVr [_iÊ`mMohr [Xdg Cabobo ZmhrV.

(8) BVam¨Zm g_OwZ KoÊ`mV n«m_m[UHnUm Agmdm. gdm©MoM EoHÊ`mMr _mZ[gHVm Agmdr. doJim [dMma åhUOo ìXoe g_Ow Z`o.

(9) _mUwg d OJ ~Xbw eHVo. Ë`mgmRr ñdV:da Rm_ [dídmg Agmdm. g_¥Õ ^maV AmajUmahrV C^m HaUo eŠ` Amho.

Ë`mgmRr gdm©ZrM O~m~XmarZo dmJmdo. Xoe amIm`bm Amo~rgr, am~m`bm Amo~rgr, l_mbm Amo~rgr ,h_mbrbm Amo~rgr, _am`bm Amo~rgr . . . . . Am[U Mam`bm BVa gmao ! ho ^maVr` g_mO[MÌ ~XbÊ`m¨gmRr AmajUmMr JaO hmoVr. Vo YmoaU am~dÊ`mV HwMamB© Pmbr. eodQÀ`m emofrV ì`ŠVrbm Ë`mMm _mZ gÝ_mZ gwa[jVVm [_imbr VaM B¨J«Om¨À`m OmÊ`mbm Hmhr AW© amhrb, hr Jm¨YrOr¨Mr ^mdZm hmoVr. AmO HmimÀ`m AmoKmV `m gd© ~m~r¨Mm AmTmdm KoDZ ì`mdhmarH YmoaUmË_H ~Xb eŠ` Amho.

g¨ajU ImË`mV AmajU Zgbo Var VoWo _amRm, erI, amOnwV,OmQ, _hma, JwaIm Aem OmV-Y_m©À`m ZmdmZo AZoH bTdæ`m ~Qm[b`Ýg AmhoV. MrZ `wÕmnmgwZ AmTmdm KoVë`mg HmaJrbn`©V _¥Ë`y nmdboë`m g¡[ZHm¨_Ü`o EHmhr CÚmoJnVrMm ZmVodmB©H Zmhr. HmaJrb_Ü`o _aU nmdboë`m _hmamï—mVrb g¡[ZHmV gmaoM Amo~rgr, Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr. AmhoV. Amo~rgr g¡[ZH _am`bm MmbVmV. VoWoM darð A[Yhmar åhUwZ Ë`m¨Zm Hm ZmHmabo OmVo ? g¨ajU ImË`mV KmoQmim HaUmao, MwHrMm _mb nwadUmao HwUrhr Amo~rgr ZmhrV. WAR ROOM KmoQmiçmVrb gmao MERIT dmboM AmhoV.

gmam¨e-gdm©ZrM AmË_anarjU Hamdo. h_m_ImÝ`mV dm HnSçmÀ`m AmV gd©M Z¾ AgVmV, na¨Vw Vgo ~mhoa nSUo Agm_m[OH Amho. _amRo , HwU~r, AmJmar, Hmoir, YZJa, _mir, [e¨nr, Ýhmdr, Hw¨^ma , bmohma ho gd© g_mOhr `m XoemMo hHXma AmhoV. CÀMdUr©` dm CÀMdUr©`m¨À`m 10 QŠHo bmoHm¨À`m Vmã`mV 90 QŠHo _mb_ËVm Amho. d 90 QŠHo bmoHm¨À`m Vmã`mV 10 QŠHo _mb_ËVm Amho. 10 QŠHo dmë`mZr¨M hr [df_Vm g¨ndÊ`mgmRr nwTmHma KoVë`mg em¨VVm d g_¥Õr `oB©b AÝ`Wm [dnarV Pmë`mg g¨»`m~imda Amo~rgr, Eg.gr.,Eg.Qr. ~hwOZm¨Mm [dO` [Z[íMV Amho. BSm[nSm gma¨ gma¨ QiwZ ~iramÁ` `oÊ`mgmRr a¨Oë`m-Jm¨Oë`m¨Mm AmYma [_iÊ`mgmRr EHÌ `m hrM [dZ¨Vr.

O` [OOmD ! O` [edam` !!

AmajU hoM _amRçm¨Mo g¨ajU

_amRm g_mOmg bmoHg¨»`oÀ`m n«_mUmV gd©M joÌmV AmajU Úmdo, hr _amRm godm g¨KmMr _mJUr Amho. _amRm godm g¨K hr Zmo¨XUrH¥V godm^mdr g¨ñWm AgwZ [VMr Zmo¨XUr gZ 1990 _Ü`o Pmbobr Amho. g¨ñWoZo ñdÀNoZo Zmo¨XUr HéZ KoVbr Amho,åhUOoM _amRm `m XoemVrb amÁ`KQZoMr bmoHHë`mUHmar Mm¡HQ Amåhmbm _mÝ` Amho. _amRm g_mOmMr [~Ja amOHr` nmio_wio _O~wV HaUo d Ë`mgmRr _amRoVa ~hwOZ g_mOmOo ghHm`© KoUo dm XoUo ho Tmo~i C[Ôï VgoM YmoaU Amho. _amRm g_mOmg gagHQ Amo.~r.gr. KmofrV Hamdo AWdm _amRm g_mOmMm g_mdoe gÜ`m CnbãY AgUmè`m HwU~r Amo.~r.gr. `m g_mOmV Hamdm, `mgmRr _hmamï—mMo _w»`_¨Ìr _m. _Zmoha Omoer `m¨Mo g_doV [XK© ~¡RHm Pmë`m AmhoV. _w¨~B© `oWrb _w»`_¨Í`mÀ`m dfm© [ZdmgñWmZr [XZm¨H 6/8/1996 amoOr Pmboë`m n[hë`m ~¡RHrg _amRm g_mOmMo Ë`mdoiMo AZoH _amRm-HwU~r Am_Xma-_¨Ìr Cn[ñWV hmoVo. `m[edm` AZoH [df`m¨da MMm© HaUma Agë`m_wio _m. _w»`_¨Í`m¨Zr Odinmg gd©M ImË`mÀ`m n«YmZ gMrdm¨Zmhr `m ~¡RHrg ~mobmdbo hmoVo. hr ~¡RH gbJnUo ghm Vmg Mmbbr hmoVr. Ë`mZ¨Va "ghçmX«r' hçm _w¨~B©À`mM emgHr` A[VWrJ¥hmV [X.4/9/98 amoOr AmTmdm ~¡RH _m. _w»`_¨Ìr `m¨Zr KoVbr. `m ~¡RHrV _amRm g_mOmÀ`m [d[dY nXm[YHmè`m¨Zmhr Amåhr ~mobmdwZ KoVbo hmoVo. `m[edm` _hmamï— emgZmer VgoM _amRm-HwU~r, ImgXma-Am_Xma-_¨Ìr-[d[dY amOHr` nj `m¨À`mer nÌì`dhma gwéM AgVmo. Ë`mgmRr _amRm-HwU~r Am_Xmam¨Mr ~¡RH [X.20/7/2005 amoOr _w¨~B© `oWo, Va14/12/2005 amoOr ZmJnwa `oWo ~mobdÊ`mV Ambr. hçm XmoÝhr ~¡RHrgmRr gd©njr` HwU~r-_amRm-Am_Xma-_¨Ìr-g^mnVr-AÜ`j [Z_¨[ÌV Hobo hmoVo. gÜ`mÀ`m [dYmZg^oV gw_mao 150 HwU~r-_amRm [dYmZg^m gXñ` AmhoV. [dYmZn[afXoVrb gXñ` doJio. _amRm g_mOmgmRr Hm`©aV AZoH g¨KQZm¨À`m _mJUr_wio emgZmZo"IÌr Am`moJmMr' Zo_UwH Hobr hmoVr. Ë`m_wio "HwU~r-_amRm' dm "_amRm-HwU~r' Aer Zmo¨X AgUmè`m¨Mm g_mdoe Amo.~r.gr.V HaÊ`mMm [ZU©` emgZmZo 1 OyZ 2005 amoOr KoVbm. _amRm godm g¨KmZo Am`mo[OV Hoboë`m _amRm Am_Xmam¨À`m g_Ýd` ~¡RHrV, _amRm g_mOmbm Amo.~r.gr. åhUwZ KmofrV Hamdo d gd©M joÌmV AmajU Úmdo. Ë`mgmRr AmajU _`m©Xm 80 QŠHo Hamdr, hr n«_wI _mJUr hmoVr.

WmoSŠ`mV 1991 Vo 2006 hçm n¨Yam dfm©À`m HmimV _amRm godm g¨KmZo gmVË`mZo emgZmHSo _amRm g_mOmMm g_mdoe Amo.~r.gr. _Ü`o HaÊ`m~m~V nmRnwamdm Hobm Amho. "Á`m _amRm bmoHm¨Zm ñdV:bm Amo.~r.gr. åhUdwZ KoÊ`mV H_rnUm dmQV Agob, Ë`m¨Zr Vgo åhUw Z`o, Agmhr `wºrdmX _m. Zmam`Uamd amUo _w»`_¨Ìr AgVmZm HaÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. _amRm- HwU~r g_mOmVrb [d[dY njmVrb amOHr` ZoVo-Am_Xma-ImgXma ho ñdV:bm n«W_ njmMo d Ë`mZ¨Va OÝ_mZo HwU~r _amRm g_OVmV. Ë`m_wio HwU~r - _amRm g_mOmÀ`m EHg¨KnUmgmo~VM Ë`m¨À`m Ý`m[`H h¸ -A[YHmamgmRr gm_m[OH Midi MmbdUmè`m_Ü`o EHhr amOHr` ZoVm [XgV Zmhr. HmhrOU CnHma åhUwZ g_mOmÀ`m _oimì`mg Cn[ñWV AgVmV. Aemdoir Ë`m¨Zm Am`moOH g¨ñWoMo Zmd d Hm_hr _m[hV ZgVo. `m[edm` Ë`m¨Zm Oidir _mhrV ZmhrV. [dMma _mhrV ZmhrV. A[YH¥V _m¨SUr O_V Zmhr. dmMZ Zmhr. dmÅob Vo _mJm©Zo _aon`©¨V Am_Xma-ImgXma åhUwZ [ZdSwZ `mdo d g_mOmZo [dZmAQ Úmdo, hr ì`[ºJV A[^bmfm. åhUwZ _amRm amOHmaUr ì`ºr åhUwZM OJVmV d _aVmV. Vo g_mO åhUwZ _aV ZmhrV. Ë`mMoM [dñVm[aV én g_mOmV ngabo. n[aUm_r HwU~r _amRm g_mO hm "g_mO' ZgyZ ì`ºtMmM g_wh Amho. HwUã`mV Oem gmSo~mam OmVr d gmSo~mam OmVrV nwÝhm gmSo~mam nmoQOmVr AmhoV, VemM _amRm åhUdUmè`mVhr _amRm, Xoe_wI, nmQrb, KmQmdaMm, KmQmImbMm, JTrdaMm, JTrImbMm, A¸a_mem, ~mam_mem, hbHm, ^mar, n¨MHwir, gßVHwir, ~mdÞHwir, ehmÊUd Hwir, ehmÊUd Hwir, ImZXoer, HmoHUr, XIZr, HmaHyZ, gaHmaHyZ, gaXoe_wI, gaXma, Ohm[JaXma, gaHma, amOo, Añgb, H_Añgb Ago AZoH ^oX AmhoV. ho H_r nSbo åhUwZ Hr Hm` Zdo amOHr` _amRm OmVJQ [Z_m©U Pmbo AmhoV. CXm. Hm±J«ogMm _amRm, amï—dmXrMm _amRm, ^mOnMm _amRm, [edgoZoMm _amRm, Hå`y[ZñQ _amRm, eoHmnMm _amRm, nwamoJm_r _amRm, n«[VJm_r _amRm, ñdV¨Ì _amRm. `m[edm` n«gma_mÜ`_m¨Zr Hmnygdmbm, Dgdmbm, Hoirdmbm, X«mjdmbm, Hm¨Xodmbm, ~mJm`VXma, HmoaSdmhw Aem AZoH [dS¨~ZmË_H n«[VHm¨Zr _amRm g_mOmV \wQ nmSbr Amho. [hM AdñWm HwU~r g_whmMr Amho. [dX^m©Vë`m HwUã`mV d HmoHUmVë`m HwUã`mV gm_m[OH gmå`hr Zmhr. `m_Ü`o gagHQ ~oQr ì`dhma-amoQr ì`dhma Zmhr. _amRm AmV¨[Ë`H Ah¨J¨Sm_wio Va HwU~r AmË`¨[VH Ý`wZJ¨Sm_wio C^m amhV Zmhr. HwU~r _amRm g_mOmVrb gm_m[OH na¨nam¨À`m n«^mdm_wio gdm©¨Zm "NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamO' hçm ì`ºrMo n«M¨S AmHf©U Amho, nU Aä`mg Zmhr. `m[edm` gVV [edmOrMm O`O`Hma Hoë`mg BVa ~hwOZ g_mO Vwåhmbm _Vo XoUma Zmhr, Ago EImÚm nÌHmaZo gm¨[JVë`mg Vo OÝ_^a HwRohr OmhranUo [edmOrMo Zmd KoV ZmhrV. Ë`m_wioM [edO`¨VrMm dmX [_QdÊ`mV _amRm amOHr` ZoË`m¨Zm ag Zmhr. EdToM Zmhr Va emgHr` IMm©Zo [edO`¨Vr gmOar HaUmao _amRm amOHmaUr ñdV: AZoH [ejU g¨ñWm, ghHmar g¨ñWm Mmb[dVmV. nU VoWo [edO`¨Vr gmOao HaV ZmhrV. `mCbQ AZoH n[anŠd amOHr` ZoVo Sm°. Am¨~oSHa O`¨Vr OëbmofmV gmOar hmoVo, `m HmaUmñVd n«[V[H«`m åhUwZ \mg© HéZ X¨Jbr KSdwZ AmUVmV. VgoM Hm±J«og d amï—dmXr Hm±J«og hoM _amRçm¨Mo ImZXmZr amOHr` nj Agë`mMm _moRm J¡ag_O _amRm amOHr` ZoË`m¨Zr [Z_m©U HéZ OVZ Hobm Amho. dmñV[dH _hmamï—mVrb dm Am[Ib ^maVr` gd©M nj An«Ë`jnUo ~«m÷UemhrM MmbdVo, ho gË` Amho. Ë`m_wioM Ho¨X«mV dm amÁ`mV HmoUË`mhr njmMo gaHma Ambo Var Ë`m¨Mm AW©g¨Hën d Ë`mVrb `moOZm EHM AgVmV. _hmamï—mV _amRm amOHmaUr ñdV:Mo amOHr` dM©ñd [QHdÊ`mgmRr Amnmnë`m _VXma g¨KmV _amRm g_mO [déÕ BVa g_mO ho dmVmdaU [Z_m©U HéZ [QHdVmV. Ë`mgmRr [edmOrÀ`m ZmdmMm J¡admna HaVmV. ~oamoOJma _amRm `wdHm¨Mo ^md[ZH emofU HaVmV. _hmamï—mVrb 99 Q¸o _amRm Am_Xmam¨Zm NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamOm¨Mr Iar OÝ_VmarI _mhrV d _¥Ë`y VmarI _mhrV Zmhr. _¨Ìmb`mV [edO`¨Vr - 19 \o~«wdmar B¨J«Or VmaIoZwgma Va [ednwÊ`[VWr n¨Mm¨J [VWrZwgma M¡Ìr nmo[U©_obm - hZw_mZ O`¨VrÀ`m [Xder HaVmV. aHHaVmV. [edO`¨VrÀ`m Zmdmda nmoQ ^aUmao gd©njr` _amRm amOHmaUr d Ë`m¨Mm QmoHmMm ñdmW© hmM _amRm g_mOmÀ`m Zmemg HmaUr^wV Amho.

NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamO, g`mOramd Jm`HdmS _hmamO, n«Vmn[g¨h _hmamO d amOfu emhy _hmamO `m¨Zm eyX« _mZUmar [df_VmdmXr Y_©ì`dñWm OVZ HaÊ`mMr AnrbM O~m~Xmar Amho, Ago _mZUmam _moRm HwU~r-_amRm g_mO Amho. amOHmaUmMo Ë`mbm AmHf©U doS Amho. Ë`m_wio Vmo Ë`mHSo "HarAa' åhUwZ nmhV Zmhr. AkmZmMm n«^md d Aä`mgmMm A^md ho nwU© _amRm amOHmaÊ`m¨Mo JwU AmhoV. OmhranUo _amRm-HwU~r åhUwZ AmoiI gm¨JÊ`mEdTm AmË_[dídmg Ë`m¨À`mV Zgë`m_wio Vo n«gma_mÜ`_m¨Zm Km~éZ gm_m[OH CnH«_mV gh^mJr hmoV ZmhrV. `mCbQ _amRm g¨ñWm¨Zm OmVrdmXr RadV ZHmo VoWo OmDZ An_mZ ghZ HéZ `oVmV. gm_m[OH A[^_mZ d AmË_^mZ Zgë`m_wio n«Ia amOHr` BÀNmeºrMm A^md An[ahm`© AgVmo. `mVyZM gm_m[OH gwYmaUm¨Mm [dMma Ë`m¨À`m _ZmXoIrb [edV Zmhr. amOHr` gËVm hr gd© gm_m[OH AZdVr Xya HaÊ`mMr _mñQa [Hëbr Amho; nU _amRm-HwU~r amOHmaUr amOHmaU åhUOo \ŠV [ZdSUwH d ^mZJSr EdTmM HaVmV. Ë`mVyZ ìXof-_Ëga-AZrVr-hwOao[J[a-M_Mo[Jar-Ymo~rnNmS Ago AZoH n«Hma OÝ_mbm `oVmV. Ë`mVbm An[ahm`© ^mJ hmoVmo-"OmVrMm \m`Xm-VmoQm'. Oa EImÚm _VXmag¨KmV OmVr-OmVtMr _VXmag¨»`m Vwë`~i Agob, Va VoWo Ë`m OmVtMo ZoVo Ë`m _VXmag¨KmV "OmVrìXofmMoM' amOHmaU [Z_m©U HéZ [ZdSUwHm nma nSë`mdahr [QHdVmV. Ë`mVyZM _hmamï—mVrb gd©njr` AZoH amOHr` ZoVo MwHwZhr HwU~r-_amRm g_mOmÀ`m gm_m[OH _¨Mmda Z [\aHVmhr OmVrMmM \m`Xm KoDZ [ZdSwZ `oVmV. `m_wioM Ë`m¨Zm g_mOmMr [\Hra Zmhr. Ë`m¨Mo ì`ºrñVmo_ [Z_m©U HaÊ`mV Vo `eñdr hmoVmV. n[aUm_r g_mOmnojm amOHr` ZoVo _moRo g_OUo, hm HwU~r-_amRm g_mOmMm [eañVm Pmbm Amho. `mVyZM _hmamï—mVrb AZoH [RHmUr _amRm-Vobr, _amRm-_hma, _amRm-d¨Omar, _amRm-_mir, _amRm-YZJa, _amRm-[b¨Jm`V, _amRm-~¨Omam, _amRm-_madmSr, HwU~r-Hmoir, HwU~r-AmJar, _amRm-_wgb_mZ Ago gm_m[OH dmX [Z_m©U Hobo OmVmV. EHmM OmVrMo nañna[damoYr _VXma Agë`mg JQ, OmV, nmoQOmV, nmhwUo-Xoe_wI-nmQrb-_amRo Ago dmX C^o Hobo OmVmV. CXm. Xoe_wI-nmQrb, HwU~r-Xoe_wI, HwU~r-_amRm.

^maVmV Y_© `m eãXmMm AW© d ì`mßVr `m~m~V Ogo EH_V Zmhr, VrM AdñWm "_amRm' `m eãXmMr Amho. [dX^m©Vrb AZoH HwQy¨~mV EHmM KamV bhmZ ^mD _amRm AgVmo Va _moRm ^mD HwU~r AgVmo. `m[edm` AZoH AbwVoXma-~bwVoXma OmV [bhVmZm HwU~r-_amRm, HwU~r-Xoe_wI, HwU~r-nmQrb, _amRm-Vobr, _amRm-Mm¨^ma, _amRm-[e¨nr Aem nÕVrZo [b[hVmV. `mMmM AW© eoHSmo dfm©¨nmgwZ n«_wI HwU~r-_amRm hr EH OmVM Amho. Ë`mV Z¨Va AZoH nmoQOmVtMm g_mdoe [XgVmo. HwU~r åhUOo _amRm d _amRm åhUOoM HwU~r .AmO EHmM HwQy¨~mVrb ^md¨So Ogo g¨Yr d n«`ËZmVwZ ZmoHar, CÚmoJ, ì`dgm`, amOHmaU Aem joÌmV OmVmV, VgoM nwdu g_mOì`dñWo_Ü`o EH ^mD eoVHar-HwU~r, EH _moRm n«emgH Xoe_wI, EH NmoQm n«emgH-nmQrb, EH gaXmaHar dm VËg_ godm-_amRm hçm CnbãY joÌmV Om`Mo. Ym[_©H na¨nam dm Y_©Hm¨SmÀ`m n«^mdmVwZ nwTo gm_m[OH OrdZmV ho OmVrdU© OmVrnmgwZ VwQyZ "dJm©V' namdVuV Pmbo. WmoSŠ`mV _yi OmV HwU~r- nU dJ© _amRm, nmQrb, Xoe_wI, BË`mXr. _Ü`_`wJrZ ^maVr` B[Vhmg"_hmamï—Vbo gd©M bmoH _amRm' `mM gm_whrH ZmdmZo bTbo. [edlr n«drU Jm`HdmS `m¨Mm Aä`mgnwU© J«¨W "~«m÷Ur Y_m©Zwgma _amRo eyX«M' hm dmMHm¨Zr Oéa Aä`mgmdm.

^maVr` amOHmaU, g_mOHmaU d Y_©HmaU ho OJmVrb EH_od OmVn«^mdr n«HaU Amho. hOmamo dfo© BWo OmVrA¨VmgmRr Midir Cä`m amhVmV d g¨nVmV. n«[VMidirHSo gd©M gmYZ-g¨nËVr CnbãY Agë`m_wio Ë`m¨Mm n«^md dmTVmo. gm[hË`, Hbm, [MÌnQ, gm¨ñH¥VrH Hm`©H«_ Aem _mÜ`_mVwZ OmVr` [df_Vm dmTV OmB©b Agm n«`ËZ HaUmam _moRm dJ© Amho. AmOhr ^maVmV e¨^a Q¸o AZwXma KoUmè`m AZoH Ym[_©H g¨ñWm¨_Ü`o Hodi "~«m÷U-nwéf [dÚmWuM' KoVbo OmVmV. åhUOoM e¨^a ~«m÷Um¨M AmajU. _amRm-HwUã`m¨À`m ì`Wmda HWm-ZmQHo aMwZ Ë`mVrb [dS¨~ZmVwZ [_idboë`m n¡emda AZoHm¨Mr [~èhmS b¨SZbm ñWm[`H PmbrV, nU _wiMm HwU~r JmdmMr "erdhr' Amobm¨Sw eHbm Zmhr. HwUr WmoSr\ma YSnS HaVmM Hmhr gm[hpË`Hm¨Zr `m pñWË`¨amMm CëboI HaVmZm Agm Hobm: HwUr _mObm-nmQrb Pmbm, nmQrb _mObm-_amRm Pmbm, _amRm _mObm Xoe_wI Pmbm, Xoe_wI _mObm-[g¨h Pmbm, d [g¨h _mObm Hr ~«m÷Um¨Mm hñVH Pmbm. HwUã`m¨Mo ho gm_m[OH [dS¨~Z Am[W©H ì`dñWm d gm_m[OH ñVa XmIdVo. åhUOoM HwUã`m¨Zm l_mVwZ [Z_m©U Hoboë`m g¨nËVrMm Cn`moJ d Cn^moJ KoVm `oV Zmhr. Ë`mMm Am[W©H ñVa C¨MmdVmM Vmo daÀ`mHSo Zmi OmoSVmo. Ë`m_wioM Ë`mbm MmVwd©Um©V eyX«mMo ñWmZ AgVmZm Vmo ñdV:g j[Ì` g_OwZ ~«m÷Umg SmoŠ`mda KoVmo d Amnë`m nm`mImbr XmoKo AmhoV `m Jw_uV OJVmo. Ë`mgmRr ~«m÷Umg Iwe RodVmo. Ë`m¨À`m [df_VmdmXr Y_©VËdm¨Mm n«Hma HéZ g_W©Z HaVmo. ñdV:bm CÀMdUu` g_Oy bmJbmo. Aem arVrZo Vmo g¨Yr d aŠVmMo ZmVo ZmHméZ A[hVmÀ`m emofUdmXr JQmMm hñVJV hmoVmo. Ë`m¨Mo ajU HéZ "_amRm jmÌY_m©Mm' ImoQm A[^_mZ ~miJVmo, `mbm åhUVmV "[~ZSmoHnUm' [~ZSmoHnUm hm Am_Mm ñWm`r^md Amho. Ë`m_wioM Jm¨Srda PmS \wQë`mg Amåhmbm Jm¨S \mQë`mMo Xw:I ZgVo; Va ~gm`bm gmdbr Pmbr ho gwI AgVo. Ago Amåhr Jo«Q _amRo.

dU© d OmV ì`dñWoV HmimÀ`m AmoKmV _yi ^maVr` g_Voda ñWm[nV Pmbobr ñÌrn«YmZ [g¨Yw g¨ñH¥Vr bmon nmdbr. nwéf n«YmZ g¨ñH¥Vr Ambr. ~rO ewÕVoMm Ah¨Hma Ambm. Ë`m_wio _[hbm¨da AZoH ~¨YZo Ambr. gañdVr ~«åhXodmMr ~m`Hmo åhUwZ ñdrHmaUmè`m g_mOmZo gañdVrMm ñdrHma ~«åhXodmMr _wbJr hçm ZmË`mZohr Hobm. EHnËZr am_mMm AmXa HaVmZmM nmM Zdè`m¨Mr X«m¡nVrhr gÝ_mZmZo nyObr. Varhr CÀMdUu` g_mOmV [ñÌ`m¨À`m `mo[Zew[MVobm AZÝ`gmYmaU _hËd Ambo. Ë`mVwZ [ddmh nÕVrÀ`m _`m©Xm d ~¨YZo Ambr. CÀMdUu`mgmo~VM CÀMHwi Ambo. _mV¥HwimMr OmJm JmoÌmZo KoVbr. [ddmhm_Ü`o gm_m[OH , Am[W©H , amOHr` Ago AZoH ñVa nmhw bmJbo. Ë`mVwZM nwTÀ`m [nTrV nXa OwidÊ`mMr g¨HënZm Ambr. amOmbm OmV-nmV-Y_© ZgVmo. Ë`m_wio HmoUË`mhr OmVrMm amOm HmoUË`mhr amOmgmo~V [ddmhg¨~¨Y OmoSV Ago. AmOhr Aem amOKamÊ`m¨Mo dmag hçm nÕVr EdTçmnwaË`m OnVmZm AmTiVmV. Ë`mMdoir g_mOmVhr "Vmobm_mobmMo' ~amo~arMo KamUo emoYbo Om`Mo. eoVrda Adb¨~wZ AgUmè`m eoVHè`mÀ`m _wbm-_wbtZm gmYmaUnUo eoVHarM [_im`Mm. EImÚm ZmXma dm HV©~Jma AgUmè`m daÀ`m dJm©Vrb _mUgmZo H[Zð dJm©Vrb ~m`Hmo Hoë`mg dm Agm g¨~¨Y Pmë`mg Ë`mÀ`m dmagm¨Zm hbHo g_Obo Om`Mo. lr_¨V , gaXma, gmdHma _amRç¨mZr Aem hbŠ`m _amRçm¨er ~¨YZo VmoSbr. [ejU, gm_m[OH ~Xb, Am[W©H pñWVr, Hmhr Hm¡Qw¨[~H HmaUo Aem AZoH HmaUmñVd hbHo g_Obo OmUmao _amRo g¨»`oZo dmTVM Jobo. Ë`m¨Zr n[adV©Z ñdrHmabo. VgoM eoVrbm OmoSY¨Xm [Xbm. ehamHSo Ymd KoVbr. CÀMHwbrZ _amRm g_mOmnmgwZ VwQë`m_wio Vmo hbHm _amRm BVa _mJmgdUu` , Am[Xdmgr _moRçm g_mOmgmo~V g_Xw:Ir åhUwZ OmoSbm Jobm. ho OmoSUo Hodi ^m¡[VH hmoVo. Ë`m¨À`mV gm_m[OH EHmonm [Z_m©U hmoÊ`mgmRr AmngmV d¡dm[hH ~¨YZo [Z_m©U Pmbr ZmhrV. åhUOo hr n[apñWVrZo [Z_m©U Hobobr VSOmoS Rabr. ñdV:bm ewÕ aºmMo d CÀMHwbrZ g_OUmè`m _amRm KamÊ`m¨Zr hçm hbŠ`m Xwæ`_ _amRm KamÊ`m¨er d¡dm[hH g¨~¨Y VmoSm`bm gwédmV Hobr. AmOhr AZoH [RHmUr hm n«Hma gwé Amho. Ago Agbo Var `m Xwæ`_ _amRm KamÊ`m¨Mr _amRm hr AmoiI [QHwZ amhrbr. BVa OmVr d g_mOdJ© Ë`m¨Zm _amRmM _mZV Ago AmOhr _mZV Amho. g¨Yr d n«`ËZ `mVyZM hm Xwæ`_ g_Obm OmUmam _amRm g_mO ñdHV¥©Ëdmda d g¨KQZ gm_Ï`m©¨da AZoH joÌmV AJ«oga Amho.

AmO [dídd¨XZr` Rabobo NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamO ho Ë`mHmiÀ`m gmd¨V- _moao `m¨À`m X¥ïrZo Xwæ`_ _amRo. NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamOm¨Zzr ñdamÁ` [Z_m©U Hobo. OJmZo Ë`m¨ZmM "_amRm' hr _mÝ`Vm [Xbr. AmO gd©M CÀMhwbrZ g_Obo OmUmao _amRo ñdV:Mm g¨~¨Y NÌnVtÀ`m KamÊ`mgmo~V ZoUmam YmJmM _m¨SV AgVmV. `mMmM AW© CÀMHwbrZ _amRm g_mO hm gËVoÀ`m OdiMo ZmVo loð _mZVmo. NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamOm¨gmo~V AgUmao Ago AZoH Ë`m HmimVrb Xwæ`_ _amRo _hmamOm¨À`m H¥no_wio _moRo Pmbo. OmVr-nmVr _moSwZ hbH¨ ^mar Z _mZUmè`m [edam`m¨À`m hçmM _mdiçm¨Zm [_imboë`m gËVoVwZ gm_m[OH _mZgÝ_mZ d n«[Vðm [_imbr. g_mOmV Ë`mn¡Hr AZoHm¨Mm CëboI CÀMHwbrZ _amRm hmoD bmJbm. _hmamï—mVbo AZoH CÀMnXñW, lr_¨V , amOHmaUr _amRo Amnbm ZmVog¨~¨Y gm¨JVm¨Zm AmOhr ½dmëhoa, B¨Xmoa, ~SmoXm, JTdmb, CX`nwa, [~bmgnwa, am`nwa, [Xëbr hçm n[agamV ñWm`rH _amRm g¨ñWm[ZHm¨Mm YmJm nHSVmV. Joë`m e¨^a dfm©¨V Ago Xya-Xya YmJo OmoSUmam Ohm[JaXma, gaXma, Xoe_wI, nmQrb, gmdHma, lr_¨V _amRm B[VhmgmVM a_bm. OJ ~XbV Mmbb¨` `mHSo Ë`mZo bj [Xbo Zmhr. Ë`m¨Mo em¡H nwadUmao VgoM Ë`m¨Mr hwOoao[Jar HéZ Ë`m¨Mm Ah¨Hma [QHaUmao AZoH ^mQ-emhra C^o am[hbo. d[Sbmonm[O©V dmSo, BñQoQr `m¨À`m dmQnmV ^m¨SUo gwé Pmbr. OJÊ`mgmRr ZdrZ gmYZg¨nËVrMm [Z_m©U HaÊ`mHSo AZoHm¨Zr Xwb©j Hobo. B[VhmgmV a_Uo d hwOè`m ^mQ-em[ham¨Mm gbm_ ñdrHmaUo hr Aem AZoH B[VhmgHmbrZ CÀMHwbrV g_Oë`m OmUmè`m _amRçm¨Mr AdñWm Pmbr. ^mQ-hwOao `m¨À`m_wio Ago CÀMHwbrZ _amRo g_mOmnmgwZ VwQbo. CËnÞ Zmhr. Ë`m_wio Xadfu eoVr dm O_rZr [dHUo hm CXa[Zdm©hmMm n`m©` Pmbm. Xoe ñdV¨Ì Pmbm. bmoHemhr [ñWm[nV Pmbr. g_« mQmMr amOoemhr g¨nbr. bmoHn«Vr[ZYtMo [eHdU [dgéZ [déÕ MidirV Hm_ HaV AmhoV.

g¨YrMm \m`Xm KoDZ _moRçm ~hwOZ g_mOmÀ`m g¨»`mË_H ~imda VgoM Hm¡eë`mda Xwæ`_ _amRm g_mO amOgËVoV gh^mJr Pmbm. Hodi gËVoV gh^mJrM Pmbm Zmhr Va gd©gËVmYre hmoDZ ZoV¥Ëd HaV Amho. ñdV:bm Añgb _amRm g_OUmè`m AZoH KamÊ`m¨Zm ho H_Añgb _amRo gËVmYre Pmbobo AmdSbo Zmhr. Ë`m¨Zr ñdV:À`m [_em [niwZ gËVmYre H_Añgb _amRçm¨Mm doJdoJiçm nÕVrZo ìXof Hobm. dm An_mZ Hobm. _hmamï—mVrb ^mQ-em[ham¨Zr, JrVHma-gm[hpË`Hm¨Zr hçm XmoKm¨_Yrb _V^oX d dmX dmTdÊ`mgmRr gm_-Xm_-X¨S-^oX gmao dmnabo. Ago Agbo Var Añgb _amRm gd©gËVmYre hmoD eHbm Zmhr; nU Ë`mZo Ë`m¨Mm MmbV Ambobm gm_m[OH n«^md dmnéZ hçm H_Añgb gËVmYmar ~hwg¨»` _amRm g_mOmer ~oQrì`dhma H_r Hobm dm ~¨X Hobm. WmoSŠ`mV ñdV:bm n¨MHwir-ehmÊUd Hwir g_OUmè`m ImZXmZr _amRçm¨Zr Á`m¨Zm "_amRm' åhwUwZ g_mO_mÝ`Vm ZmHmabr Agm "H_Añgb' _amRmM _hmamï—mV Jobo gmR dfo© amOHr` gËVm [QHdwZ Amho. Joë`m 50-60 dfm©©V ImoQo Ah¨Hma OnUmam d ñdV:bm ehmÊUd:Hwir Añgb _amRm g_Obm OmUmam _amRm g_mO [^Hobm bmJbm Amho. Ë`mÀ`m nmoam¨Mr b¾ hmoV ZmhrV. [ni OiV Zmhr. Á`m Ohm[JaXma-Xoe_wI-nmQrb _amRçm¨À`m ~m`Hm¨Mo nm`mMo ZI OJmbm [XgV ZìhVo, Ë`mM Añgb _amRm KamVrb ~m`Hm XméSçm Zdè`m¨Zm nmogV YwUr-^m¨Sr-_Owar HéZ Kag¨gma gm¨^miV AmhoV. ñdV:Mm H_©RnUm OmonmgUmao Ago AZoH Jar~ Añgb _amRo ñdV:Mr MyH emoYÊ`mEodOr _mJmgdUu`, BVa _mJmgdUu`, Am[Xdmgr, _wgb_mZ, [I«íMZ `m¨Mm [VañHma Ham`bm gwédmV HaVmV. dmTVr ~oamoOJmar d Ë`mVyZ [Z_m©U hmoUmao d¡\ë` hçm H_©R VéUm¨Zm AmnmoAmn hçm XoemVrb X¨Jbr KS[dUmè`m g_whmÀ`m hmVmV KoDZ OmVmV. Aem nÕVrZo Ah¨Hma gwImdbobm H_©R d Ah¨Hma XwImdbobm Xwæ`_ _amRm `m¨À`m_Ü`o _hmamï—mV erV`wÕ gwé Amho. n[aUm_r XmoÝhrHSo \w¨Ha _maUmao ^mQ-emhra O_m Pmbo. H_©R Ama.Eg².Eg². dmXr ^mQ-emhra ~«m÷UdJ© na¨namdmXr, H_©R Ah¨HmadmXr Añgb _amRm n[adV©ZmnmgwZ Xya am[hbm Vmo A[e[jV-Jar~-AkmZr AgyZhr Ah¨Hmam_wio AmajUmMm bm^ KoUmè`m ~hwOZ g_mOmMm [damoYH ~Zbm. Ë`mMdoir gËVoVrb Xwæ`_ g_Oë`m OmUmè`m _amRçm¨Mm XwImdbobm Ah¨Hma gwImdÊ`mgmRr ñdV:bm namoJm_r g_OUmam ^mQ ~«m÷U nwTo gagmdbm. _yi [edmOr ZmHmaUmè`m hçm gÁOZ nwamoJm_r ~«m÷UdJm©Zo H_Añgb _amRm ZoË`m¨Zm n«[V[edmOr åhUm`bm gwédmV Hobr. [h_mb`mÀ`m ajUmgmRr ghçmX«r Ymdbm, Ago _Wio dmnabo. [edlr Xodamd nmQrb, [edlr eaXamd ndma, [edlr XËVm _oKo, [edlr am_ _oKo, [edlr eodamd dmZIoSo, [edlr `ed¨Vamd JSmI BË`mXr hbHo g_Obo OmUmao _amRo gVV gËVoV AmhoV. Ë`m¨Zm Añgb _amRçm¨Zr d¡`ºrH VgoM Hm¡Qy¨[~H OrdZmV AË`¨V An_mZñnX dmJUyH {Xbr Amho. hm B[Vhmg _m[hV AgUmam _moRm dJ© [Od¨V Amho. H_©R Añgb g_OUmè`m _amRçm¨Zm ZmHméZ SC-ST-OBC g_mO `ed¨Vamdm¨nmgwZ Vo eaXmdm¨n`©¨V Ë`m¨À`m nmRr_mJo [h_mb`mnojm ghçmX«rgmaIm C^m Amho. nU Joë`m 50 dfm©V `m amÁ`HË`m©¨Zr SC-ST-OBC bm HmhrM [Xbo Zmhr. Ë`m¨À`m gËVoMm Hmhr Iam bm^ Ë`m¨Mr ^mQ[Jar-hwOoar[Jar HaUmè`m ^mQ-~«m÷Um¨Zm-eoROr-bmRoOtZmM Pmbm. ~«m÷Um¨À`m n¨JVr CRë`mZ¨Va [eëbH AÞ dm Cïo SC-ST-OBC À`m n¨JVrV dmTbo Jobo. Ë`mMdoir Á`m H_©R Añgb _amRm g_mOmZo `m gËVmYrem¨Mm AË`¨V [hUHg nmVirda An_mZ Hobm, Ë`m _amRm g_mOmda Ë`m¨Zr O_ob Vgm gwS CJdbm. Vo ñdm^m[dH d _mZ[gHX¥ïçm `mo½` hmoVo d Amho. AmOhr `mV \aH Zmhr. [edam`m¨Mo ~«m÷U _¨Ìr Ë`m¨Zm "eyX«' g_OV AgV, AmO ñdV:bm CÀMHwbrZ åhUUmao AZoH _amRm _¨Ìr [edlr eaX ndmam¨Zm "eyX«' _mZVmV. hçm HwO~wOr Ë`m¨Zmhr _mhrV Amho, nU OJmV Ë`m¨Mr AmoiI _amRm [hM Amho. Aem nÕVrZo gm¨JVmhr `oV Zmhr d gmogVmhr `oV Zmhr. Aer JV hçm _amRm ZoË`m¨Mr Pmbobr Amho. OJ Á`m¨Zm _amRm _mZV¨ Ë`m¨ZmM n«ñWm[nV _amRm g_mO _amRm _mZV Zmhr, hr _hmamï—mMr AmOMr gË` AdñWm Amho. gË` g_OwZ Z KoVm, _amRm g_mO [dHmg Hé eHV Zmhr. `mgmRr gd©M _amRm g_mOmZo EHg¨KnUo d [Z^©`VoZo Hm_ HaUo Amdí`H Amho. Am_À`m eoVmV d SmoŠ`mV Hm` [nHVo, `mnojm ~mOmamV Hm` [dHVo `mdaM ì`dhma MmbVmo. _amRm g_OmZo hm [gÕm¨V ñdrHmamdm. AmVm Var _hmË_m \wbo d VwHmo~m ñdrHmamdm.

Sm°. n¨Om~amd Xoe_wI ZmdmÀ`m HwU~r-_amRm ZoË`mZo 1926 nmgyZ gm_m[OH n[adV©ZmMm bTm C^mabm. Añgb _amRm g_Oë`m OmUmè`m HX_d¨er n¨Om~amdm¨Zr ~°[añQa hmoDZ naV Amë`mda gmoZma g_mOmVrb [d_bVmB©¨er [ddmh Hobm. [ddmhm[Z_rËV Am`mo[OV ñZoh ^moOZmMm ñd`¨nmH _hma-_ohVa g_mOmVrb bmoHm¨HSwZ V`ma Hobm d dmTbm. gm\g\mB©gmRr ~«m÷U bmdbo. 1927 _Ü`o A¨~m ^dmZr _¨[XamV Añn¥í`m¨gmRr _wº n«doe [_imdm hm bTm `eñdr Hobm. nwTo Ho¨X«mV _¨Ìr Pmë`mda 1932-33 _Ü`o eoVHè`m¨Mr HOo© _m\ HéZ ^maVmVrb gd© Y_u` n«mW©ZmñWim¨Mo amï—r`rHaU HaÊ`mMm Ramd [~b énmZo _m¨Sbm. nwamohrV-n¨[SVm¨Zr CRmd Hobm. qhXw Y_m©da J¨Sm¨Va AmUë`mMr A\dm CRdbr. [~b _¨Owa Pmbo Zmhr. Sm°. n¨Om~amdm¨Mm [eî` n«m. í`m_ _mZd `mZohr A¨YlÕm [Z_y©bZmMm bTm XoDZ Ë`mMm Hm`Xm ìhmdm `mgmRr Am`wî` KmVbo. nU EH ~«m÷U Am_Xma gd© nwamoJm_r ~hwOZm¨Mr SmoHr OmV-Y_© Zmdmda [HVr ^SHmdy eHVmo ho Am_Xma n[aMmaHmZo XmIdwZ [Xbo. g¨Kf© g_OyZ KoUo Amdí`H Amho. n«m. í`m_ _mZdmda EHhr ~«m÷U MmbyZ OmV Zmhr. gmao _amRo-HwU~rM AgVmV. Sm°. n¨Om~amd Xoe_wIm¨Zr ñdV¨Ì ^maVmV 1950 Vo 1957 À`m Xaå`mZ HwU~r-_amRm-~hwOZm¨Zm XoemMr amÁ`KQZm, Hm`Xo, hŠH, A[YHma `mMr _m[hVr XoÊ`mgmRr n«M¨S Xm¡ao Hobo. _hmamï—mVrb _amRm g_mOmZo n[adV©ZmMm bm^ ¿`mdm. [d[dY emgHr` `moOZm¨Mm \m`Xm [_iÊ`mgmRr "_amRm' OmV Z bmdVm HwU~r bmdmdo `mgmRr Vo ^maVmMo Ho¨[X«` H¥fr_¨Ìr åhUwZ amÁ`^a [\abo. 1956 bm HmoëhmnwamV A.^m._amRm [ejU n[afXoV Ë`m¨Zr hm [dMma n«^mdrnUo _m¨Sbm. hçm n[afXoV Hmhr gaXma-amOo Cn[ñWV hmoVo. Ë`m¨Zr hçm Ramdmg [damoY HéZ "HwU~r' åhUUo åhUOo OmV ~XbUo d hbHo hmoUo Amho, Ago [dMma _m¨Sbo. Ë`mda Sm°. n¨Om~amd Xoe_wIm¨Zr Ëd[aV CËVa [Xbo Hr Vwåhr amOm-_hmamOm¨Mo n«íZ doJio AmhoV. Vwåhmbm _mUgmMo Xw:I g_OUma Zmhr. amOo-_hmamOo n[afXoVwZ [ZKwZ Jobo. _amRm g_mOhr Ë`m¨À`mM nmRmonmR Jobm. amOfu emhy _hmamOm¨Mm n«^md Agm nwgbm Jobm. _amRm g_mOmMo n«M¨S ZwHgmZ npíM_ _hmamï—, ImZXoe, HmoHU, _amRdmSm ^mJmV Pmbo. [dX^m©Vrb gd© _amRm g_mO Sm°. n¨Om~amdmgmo~VM am[hbm. Vmo "HwU~r' Pmbm. AmOhr Am_À`mVbo Hmhr ZdrZ amOo-_hmamOo _amRm g_mOmg [MWmdUr XoDZ _aUmHSo ZoV AmhoV. VgoM Ë`m¨À`m [dMmam¨Zm \wbdUmao Hmhr nÌHma - [MÌHma - [_Sr`mdmbohr _amRm g_mO MrS-MrS Haob Ago dmVmdaU V`ma HaV Amho. ghOmghOr ZmoHè`m [_iV AgVmZmhr [eHboë`m ~hwg¨»` _amRçm¨Zr CËV_ eoVr- _Ü`_ ì`mnma- H[Zð ZmoHar d Ë`mnojm [^I ~ar- hm _mJ© ñdm[^_mZmZo ñdrHmabm. n[aUm_r IamoIaM eoVr HéZ [^Iobm bmJbo.

OmJ[VHrHaU- ImOJrHaU- CXmarHaU `m n«^mdm_wio n«Ë`oH Xw~©b KQH g¨nUma Amho. Ë`m_wio Xw~©b KQHm¨Zm g~i HaÊ`mgmRr Ë`m¨Zm AmYma XoUo Amdí`H Amho. emgZmMr ^w[_Im Hë`mUHmar Amho. Ë`mVyZM "AmajU' RodwZ _amRçm¨Zm g¨Yr XoUo AË`mdí`H Amho. `mgmRr _amRm g_mOmZo gm_m[OH [MÌmMm Aä`mg HéZ Aä`mg _amRm g_mOmgmRr bmoHg¨»`oÀ`m n«_mUmV AmajU _mJyZ Vo [_idyZ ¿`mdo. OmV hmM ^maVmVrb gm_m[OH OrdZmV n«_wI KQH Amho. Ë`m_wio OmVdmX AmajU ^maVmM [dHmg Hé eHob. Am[W©H _mJmgbonU åhUOo ~«m÷U.

[~«Qre gaHmaÀ`m CXma_VdmXr YmoaUm_wioM ^maVmVrb ~hwOZ g_mO [ejU KoD eHbm. Ë`m_wioM _hmË_m \wbo, g`mOramd _hmamO Jm`HdmS, H_©dra [dÇb am_Or [e¨Xo, amOfu emhw _hmamO, Sm°. n¨Om~amd Xoe_wI, Sm°. ~m~mgmho~ Am¨~oSHa Ago AZoH gm_m[OH n[adV©ZdmXr ZoVo [~«Qrem¨À`m ~mOwZo hmoVo. Ë`m¨Zr noedmB©Vrb AË`mMma nm[hbobm hmoVm. [~«Qre gaHma Joë`mg ^maVmV nwÝhm noedmB©M ñWm[nV hmoB©b d ~hwOZ g_mO nwÝhm nyU©nUo Ym[_©H Jwbm_ hmoB©b. Ë`mbm [ejU, g¨nËVr, g¨ajUmMo A[YHma ZmHmabo OmVrb. `mMmM AW© naHr` emgZ ^maVmVrb ~hwOZm¨À`m [dHmgmMo dmQV hmoVo. _mZdVmdmXr dmQV hmoVo. AmO doJiçm _mJm©Zo _mJm©Zo ~hwOZm¨Zm [ejUmnmgyZ d¨[MV RodÊ`mMm n«`ËZ hmoV Amho. `m _hm_mZdm¨Mr ^rVr gË` RaV Amho.

`m nmíd©^y_rda _amRm g_mOmZo Ah¨Hma gmoSmdm. VéU [nTrbm ^[dî` Amho. Ë`m¨Zm Amnë`mOdi Agob Vo gma¨ Úmd¨M, nU Ë`mnbrHSM¨hr [díd nmhy Úmd¨. Am[W©H [ZHfmda AmYm[aV AmajU åhUOo \º Jar~ ~«m÷Um¨Zm d lr_¨V _amRçm¨Zm AmajU. VgoM _mHm©da AmajU XoUma. Amåhr [^Hmar Agbmo Var ~«m÷Umnojm H_r _mH©g² [_idë`m_wio AmajUmnmgwZ d¨[MV amhUma. _mJmgdUu`m¨V JwUdËVm ZgVo, hm ~«m÷Um¨Mm [dH¥V n«Mma Amho. "_am`bm _amRo-~hwOZ d Mam`bm \ŠV ~«m÷U' ho gwÌ ~XbÊ`mgmRr _amRm g_mOmZo h¸mMo AmajU _mJdyZ Vo [_idyZ ¿`mdo. Ë`mgmRr BVa amÁ`mgmaIm AmajU HmoQm 50 QŠŠ`mdéZ 85 Q¸o Hamdm. _hmamï—mVrb 45 Q¸o _amRm g_mO hm _hmamï—mÀ`m [dHmgmMm HUm Amho. hm HUm geŠV AgUo _hmamï—mgmRr AË`mdí`H Amho. Ë`mgmRr _amRm g_mOmZo g¨Yr gmoSw Z`o. h¸ A[YHmamgmRr Am¨XmobZ Hamdo. _mJmgdJu`A[Xdmgr g_mO añË`mda Ambm, OmiyZ KoVbo, Omibo, Am¨XmobZ Hobo, bmoHn«[VZrYtZm Ymaoda Yabo. Voìhm Ë`m¨Zm Ë`m¨Mo h¸ [_imboV. Vo Ë`m¨Zr ~«m÷U g_mOmHSwZ [hgHmdwZ KoVboV. _amRm g_mOmHSyZ Zmhr. ImOJr joÌmVhr ~«m÷UdJ©M Amho. VoWo AmajU bmJy Pmë`mg _amRçm¨ZmM \m`Xm hmoB©b. AmO n«_wI CÚmoJmV _amRo ZmhrV.

AmajU OJ^a Amho Amnë`mHSo AmVm bmJw hmoV Amho. `oUmè`m e¨^a dfm©V AmnUM AmajU PwJméZ XoDZ EH[ÌVnUo g_VoM¨- g_mZVoM¨-~¨YwËdmM¨-ñdmV¨Í` AgUma¨ emgZ n«emgZ AmUy, Ë`mgmRrM AmOMo _amRm AmajU nm[hOo.

Wmoa g¨V dmaHar n«MmaH g¨V H~ra `m¨Zr ^maVmVrb gm_m[OH AdñWm d JwUdËVo~m~VMr Mmnbwgr `m~m~V ì`º Hobobo [dMma Ë`m¨À`mM eãXmV _amRm g_mOmZo g_OwZ ¿`mdoV.-

Jm¨Sw-^Sdo aU MTo &

_Xmo©Ho ~ohmb &&

nVrd«VmE ^yH¡Z¨ _ao &

noTo ImE [NZmb &&

nwTo g¨V VwHmam_m¨Zr Ë`mHmiMo JwUdËVoMo n«_mU Agboë`m "doXmä`mgm~Ôb' AË`¨V HSdQ gË` g_mOmg_moa Amnë`m eãXmV _m¨Sbobo Amho.

VwHm Oar ghO ~mobo dmUr &

Ë`mÀ`m Kar doXm¨V dmho nmUr &&

OJmZo ì`mdhm[aH VËdkmZ åhUwZ OJX²Jwé VwHmam_ _hmamOm¨À`m JmWoMm ñdrHma Hobm Amho. Ë`m¨Zr AmajUmMm [dMma _m¨SVmZm ñnï Hobo Hr,

Oo Hm a¨Obo Jm¨Obo &

Ë`mgr åhUo Omo Amnwbo &&

Vmo [M gmYy AmoiImdm &

Xod VoWo[M OmUmdm &&

_amRm g_mOmZo AkmZmVyZ ~mhoa `mdo. gmjaVm åhUOo kmZ Zìho. Amnb¨ [hV HemV Amho, ho g_OUo åhUOo kmZ. åhUwZ VwHmam_ _hmamO åhUVmV--

Amnë`m [hVmer & Ago Omo OmJVm &&

YÝ` _mVm[nVm & V`m[M`m &&

AmVm Var [hVmMm [dMma Hamdm.

NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamOm¨Zr n«Ë`oH g¨YrMm Cn`moJ HéZ KoVbm . amOgË`m d Y_©gËVm Vmã`mV `oVmM BVam¨Zm g¨Yr CnbãY HéZ [Xë`m. Ë`mVyZ AZoHOU C^o am[hbo. OmVr-Jar~r Xmh H_r Pmbm d Hmhr dfo© [QHbm.

AmO _amRm _aUmdñWoV Amho. _amRm OJbm Va OJ OJob Am[U _amRm _obm Va OJ _aob. ho ì`dhmagwÌ _amRçm¨Zr VwHmo~m¨À`m g_VmdmXr VËdmZo g_OyZ ¿`mdo.

AmajU: g_O-J¡ag_O:

AmajU åhUOo H_rnUmMo bjU hm _amRm g_mOmMm _moRm J¡ag_O Amho. AmajU åhUOo g¨ajU. h¸mMo g¨ajU. h¸mmo n«[V[ZYrËd. XoemÀ`m amÁ`KQZoZo [Xbobm _yb^yV h¸ . AmajU åhUOo Hw~Sçm ZgyZ emgZmZo CMbbobr KQZmXËV O~m~Xmar Amho. Ah¨HmamnmoQr _amRm g_mO `mnmgyZ Xya amhyZ ñdV:Mo ^[dî`mMo ZwHgmZ HaV Amho. BVa _mJmgdUu` åhUOo H_rnUmMo dmQVo, ho MwH Amho. qhXw Y_m©V _amRçm¨Zm eyX« åhQbo OmVo. ~«m÷U _amRçm¨À`m Kar Oo [d[dY [dYr HaVmV, Ë`m g¨ñH¥V _¨ÌmVwZ Vo _amRçm¨Zm eyX« hbHQ hçm gä` eãXm¨Zr CëboI HaVmV. _amRo ñdV:bm eyX« g_OV Zgbo Var ~«m÷U Ë`m¨Zm eyX«M g_OVmV. gmao j[Ì` naeyam_mZo _mabo AmhoV.

AmVmMo n«íZ emararH ~imMo ZmhrV. ~wÕr d Hm¡eë`mMo AmhoV. g¨YrMr Amdí`HVm Amho. OJ PnmQçmZo ~XbV Amho. Ë`mV AmnU gm[_b Pmbo nm[hOo. AÝ`Wm _hmHm` Sm`Zmgmoa g¨nbm VoWo _amRm g_mO g¨nm`bm doi bmJUma Zmhr. AmajU ho gmYZ Amho. Hmhr dfm©¨V doJio gmYZ `oB©b.

_amRm g_mOmVrb EImÚm KQHmbm AmdSV Zmhr. EdTçm HmaUmñVd AmajU aÔ hmoUma Zmhr. Ë`mnojm _amRm g_mOmZo `m g¨YrMm Cn`moJ HéZ ñdV:Mm [dHmg hmoB©b `mgmRr VmHX nUmbm bmdmdr.

1) _amRm g_mOmZo AmajU h¸ _mJÊ`mgmRr Hm`Xoera _mJUr HéZ Am¨XmobZo HamdrV.

2) emgZ dm Am`moJ `m¨À`mHSo g¨~¨YrV nwamdo ÚmdoV.

4) g_mO, bmoH àVr[ZYr, emgZ `m¨À`mHSo nmRnwamdm Hamdm.

5) gdmo©ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo EHwU AmajU 50 QŠŠ`m¨nojm OmñV Zgmdo Ago _mJ©Xe©H [ZXo©e [Xbobo AmhoV. Ë`mV dmT HéZ AmajU 85 Q¸o HaÊ`m~m~V Am¨XmobZ Hamdo. åhUOo BVam¨Zm Cn`wŠV hmoB©b.

6) SC-ST-OBC dm gd©M ~hwOZ g¨KQZm¨er AË`¨V [OìhmiçmMo g¨~¨Y n«ñWm[nV HéZ [QHdmdoV. EH_oHm¨Mm AmXa Hamdm. Ë`m¨À`m h¸ -A[YHmam¨Mo g_W©Z HaVmZm Ë`m¨Mohr g_W©Z [_imdmdo.

NÌnVr [edmOr _hmamO `mMm [dídmgmZo bTbo d ñdamÁ` [Z_m©U Hé eHbo. Amåhr [edam`m¨Mo Iao AZw`m`r hmoDZ gd©g_mdoeH bTm C^méZ gdm©¨MoM OrdZ g_¥Õ Hé eHVmo.

Amo.~r.gr. _Ü`o AmajU [_iÊ`mgmRr d g_mdoe hmoÊ`mgmRr amÁ`KQZoÀ`m 340 Hb_mÝd`o g_mO gm_m[OH d e¡j[UHX¥ïçm _mJmg Agmdm bmJVmo. _amRm g_mO `m XmoÝhr [ZHfmV ~gVmo; na¨Vy _amRçm¨À`m Ah¨Hmar àd¥ËVrMr J¡admna HéZ _amRm g_mOmg gm_m[OH X¥ïçm [dH[gV g_Obo Jobo. åhUOoM Amo.~r.gr. KQHmVrb à_wI OmVrnojm CXm. HwU~r, _mir, YZJa, Vobr, qenr BË`mXrnojm [dHgrV. [ejUmV "T' Agbm Var gm_m[OH à[Vðm ! [_emda Vmd _maUo ! _yR^a _amRçm¨Zm ZOaog_moa RodyZ hm [ZHf bmdVmV. Ë`m_wio _amRm g_mOmMr hOmamo dfm©¨Mr aºmMr d _mVrMr _mUg¨ Xwa Jobr. AmajUmÀ`m [d_mZmV ~gbr. JmdmÀ`m-XoemÀ`m gr_m nma HéZ Sm°baMo ì`dhma Hé bmJbr. AZoH gËVm Vmã`mV KoDZ ~hwOZm¨À`m [dHmgmgmRr am~dV AmhoV.

_amRm Amo.~r.gr. VyZ HmTë`m_wio Vmo OPEN- AmonZ- Iwë`mdJm©V Ambm. Iwë`m dJm©V Ë`mMo ghHmar AmhoV - ~«m÷U, Hm`ñW, gmañdV, eoUdr, nmagr, O¡Z, erI, _wgb_mZ, _madmSr, JwOamWr, qgYr BË`mXr. _amRm g_mO d ho gd© nwTmabobo g_mO `m¨Mr gm¨JS KmVbr Amho. `m¨Mr AmnAmngmV VwbZm Hoë`mg HmoUVo gmå` Amho? _amRm g_mOmg [nTçmZ²[nTçm [ejU ZmHmabo Amho, Va ~«m÷U [nTçmZ²[nTçm \ŠV [ejUM KoV Amho. Am[W©H _amRm Cnmer _aV Amho Va BVa XoemMr AW©ì`dñWm Vmã`mV RodyZ AmhoV. CnbãY Anwè`m gmYZm¨À`m AmYmao _amRm g_mO hçm gd© g_mOm~amo~a ñnYo©V [QHUo AdKS Amho. 2 Q¸o _amRmM Ë`m¨_wio nwTo [XgVmo. åhUOo _hmamï—mV _amRm g_mOmMo ñnY©H ~«m÷U-Hm`ñW hoM AmhoV. Vmo Ë`m¨À`m g_moa [QHV Zmhr dm [QHy [Xbm OmV Zmhr. Cd©[aV nmaer, O¡Z, erI, _madmSr ho g_mO lr_¨V Amho. ehamV amhVmV. àM¨S gw[dYm AmhoV. Ë`m¨À`m ñdV:À`m e¡j[UH g¨ñWm n¨MVmam¨[HV AmhoV. amÁ`KQZoÀ`m Hb_ 30 Zwgma VoWo Ë`m¨Zm nwU© AmajU Amho. åhUOo Ym_uH d ^m[fH Aëng¨»`m¨H åhUwZ n«Ë`oH amÁ`mV Ë`m¨Zm AmajU AmhoM. `m[edm` OmZodmar 2006 _Ü`o bmoHg^oZo _¨Oya Hoboë`m [~bmZwgma `m gd©M Aëng¨»`m¨H BVa g_mOmgmRr HmoQm Zmhr. `mMm AW© [Xgm`bm OPEN nU e¨^a Q¸o Ama[jV. WmoSŠ`mV _amRm VodTmM _moHmQ ~mHr gd© gwa[jV.

_hmamï—mV _amRm g_mOmVrb AZoHm¨À`m _moR_moRçm g¨ñWm AmhoV. PG TO PG PLAY GROUND TO POST GRADUTE EHmM AmdmamV ! àM¨S lr_¨V. 98 Q¸o _amRm hçm XeVmam¨[hV g¨ñWm¨_Ü`o nm` QmHÊ`mMr qh_V HaV Zmhr. åhUOoM nwÝhm g¨Yr Zmhr. n«`ËZmMm n«íZM Zmhr. \r nadSV Zmhr. nmoa¨ [eHVmV Smo¨Jamda- em¨[V[ZHoVZ_Ü`o. Her ~amo~ar ìhm`Mr? Where id Equality? So frist establish Equality. Then Abolish Reservation.

`mgmRr _amRm g_mOmg AmajUmMrM JaO Amho. Cera Pmbm`-- nU AmVm AmamISçmV CVam. AmajU _amRçm¨Zm dmMdob.

à[VMidirnmgwZ gmdYmZ:

_amRm g_mOmZo Xoembm [Xem XoÊ`mMr O~m~Xmar nma nmSë`mMo ^maVr` B[Vhmg gm¨JVmo. nU Ë`mV _amRm g_mOmV Hmhr [nTçm¨À`m A¨VamZo à[VMiditZm nmofH dmVmdaU [Z_m©U Pmë`mMo HQy gË` Amåhr [dgé Z`o. à[VMidirV _amRm g_mg AJ«oga dm gh^mJr ZìhVm, Va Ë`m g_mOmMm J¡admna HaÊ`mV à[VMidirMo H«ya ZoVo `eñdr hmoVmZm [XgVmV. 6 [Sgo¨~a 1992 Mo ~m~ar _erX àHaU OmJ[VH nmVirdarb ~«m÷Um¨Mo gm_w[hH `e Amho. Zaqghamd `m VobJy àYmZ_¨Ìr ~«m÷UmZo "Zamo dm Hw¨Oamo dm ' ^y[_Hm KodyZ _erX nmSyZ ^maVmV X¨Jbr KS[dÊ`mg _XV Hobr. Ë`mgmRr J¥h_¨Ìr e¨Haamd MìhmU d g¨ajU_¨Ìr eaX ndma ho _amRo dmnabo Jobo.

1 OyZ 2006 À`m gHmir ZmJnya Ama.Eg². Eg². À`m AS²Sçmda h_bm HaÊ`mgmRr Jobobo VrZ nm[HñVmZr ZmJ[aH A[VaoHr åhUwZ _mabo Jobo. ho nyU©nUo ZmQH hmoVo. df©^a [Z`moOZ HéZ \gdUmao, hëbo HaUmao A[VaoHr ! añVo _mhrV ZgaUmao [XdmiImoa emgHr` nmobrgM Agw eHVmV. XwX¡dmZo gÁOZ MohèhmMo J¥h_¨Ìr JmSJo~m~m \o_ Ama.Ama.nmQrb hçm ImoQçm ZmQHmMo Zm`H Pmbo. [dídmg HmoUmda Rodm`Mm? à_moX _hmOZm¨Mr 22 _o 2006 bm Pmbobr hË`m. `m [edm` 2 OyZ 2006 bm Pmbobo 7 g\XaO¨J, [Xëbr `oWrb [ddoH _moB©Ìm _¥Ë`y àHaU. amhwb _hmOZMr AQH d nwTMo g¨^«_. [ed-\wbo-emhw-[^_ [dMma _m¨SUmao eaX ndma, NJZ ^wO~i, JmonrZmWamd _w¨So `m¨Mm amÁ`g^oMm g_mB©H C_oXdma CÚmoJnVr amhwb ~OmO. EHm amhwbÀ`m ~Xë`mV Xwgam amhwb! AmajU[damoYr Am¨XmobZmMm n«_wI.

^maVmV gwI-em¨Vr-gwa[jVVm-g_¥Õr Zm¨XyM Z`o `mgmRr am_Xmgr g_[b¨Jr g¨K R.S.S. ZmdmMr Hy«a g¨KQZm Hm`©aV Amho. hr g¨KQZm _amRçm¨Zm _wgb_mZn[déÕ d X[bVm¨[déÕ ^SHmdV AgVo. H_©R _amRo Ë`m¨À`m OmiçmV \gwZ _aVmV ^maVmVrb gË`_widmX, ~«m÷UdmX [déÕ ~hwOZdmX AgmM Amho. ~hwOZ gwYmaë`mg ~«m÷U d ~«m÷UdmX g¨nob. `mgmRr ~«m÷U R.S.S. À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ ZmQH H¨nZr MmbdV Amho. ~«m÷Um¨Zr _wgb_mZm¨Mr ~m~ar _erX nmSbr. Ë`m ~Xë`mV _wgb_mZ ~«m÷Um¨Mo Ho¨X« CX²ÜdñV HaUmaM. _¨[Xao hr ~«m÷Um¨Mr eŠVrñWmZo AmhoV. ~«m÷U _wgb_mZm[déÕ [QHy eHV Zmhr. `mgmRr Vmo ñdV:g qhXw åhUdVmo. AmajUmMm \m`Xm [_idÊ`mgmRr ~«m÷U Jar~- [^jwH ~ZyZ Am[W©HX¥ïçm _mJmgbonUmMm ~waIm KoVmo. AmajU [damoYr ^y[_Hm KoVmZm ~«m÷U Y_u` hmoVmo. _yimVM ^maVmVrb ~«m÷U ^maVr` ZmhrV d qhXwY_u`hr ZmhrV. Vo d¡[XH ~«m÷U gZmVZ Y_u AmhoV. åhUOoM hm dmX H_©R ~«m÷U [déÕ _wgb_mZ Agm Amho. ~hwOZm¨Zrd [deofV: _amRm g_mOmZo AmajUmMr _mJUr nQV Zgë`mg Myn ~gmdo. nU ~«m÷Um¨À`m à[VMidirV g_mdoe hmoD Z`o. _amRm g_mO [hM ~«m÷Um¨Mr VmHX Amho. "_mbH _obm Var Mmbob, nU gdV a¨SHr ìhm`bmM nm[hOo'. hm _amRm~mU AmVm JmSm. "~m_U _obm Var Mmbob, nU _amRçm¨Zm AmajU [_imboM nm[hOo'. hm AmOMm ZmamM Amåhmbm g_mO_mÝ`Vm d g_mO n«[Vðm XoB©b Ë`mgmRrM ~mobm- haha _hmXod.